Family. All about family. What is family? The importance of family in our life

Signs

A close circle has many properties:

• The decision to marry and have children is made on a voluntary, relaxed basis.
• The common things between spouses are: finances, housing, household, cars, valuables.
• Joint offspring.
• Following the law and properly observing all rights.
• The presence of general morality, psychological component and morality.

Read also: Severus Snape (biography)

What is a modern family and what is its significance?

Unlike the times of the USSR, modern unions are autonomous and closed to society. Intervention in their affairs occurs only in extreme cases, when this cell becomes destructive. In Soviet times it was more open to the state. Supervisory authorities monitored the development of every officially formalized relationship between citizens. When conflicts and divorces arose, they intervened and tried to influence, took possible steps to resolve quarrels and save the marriage.

Distinctive features: the uniqueness of modern unions

Today, it is impossible to define a family unambiguously due to the different types - Swedish, adopted, open, and so on. The essence of relations between the sexes has long gone beyond the classical formula: one woman, one man and children. In the Russian Federation, same-sex and Swedish marriages are prohibited, but in some foreign countries they are recognized by law, and this phenomenon is considered the norm.

Let us note some features that characterize the unions of our country over the past 25 years:

• Increase in the number of legal marriages. Young couples increasingly prefer to formalize their relationship at the registry office, although the institution of civil marriage still remains.
• Increasing age of marriage. The average age of newlyweds is 22 years, while 30-40 years ago newlyweds barely reached the age of majority, and 50 years ago our grandparents got married even earlier: at 15-16 years old. The growing up of newlyweds is associated with the need to obtain higher education and the need to improve their everyday life. Modern youth in most cases think about a career and preparing the ground for marriage.
• Later birth of children after the formalization of the relationship. According to statistics, the birth of the first child occurs in the 3-5th year of marriage.
• The desire to live separately from parents. Since Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union, several generations have lived in the same house. After the wedding, the newlyweds did not strive to separate and lived with the parents of the wife or husband, leading a common life and even a budget. Modern couples strive to start living separately as quickly as possible.
• Showing interest in traditions. Modern youth are increasingly thinking about their roots, origins and ancestors. It has become popular to compile your own family tree, pedigree. This surge of interest is normal. At a certain period in the life of the country, it was not customary to talk about origin, especially to those whose ancestors were not peasants, but princes, landowners and merchants. You can preserve your traditions and strengthen your family ties by creating a family tree. The House of Genealogy will help with this. The company’s specialists will find information about ancestors and relatives in the archives and prepare a genealogical book, which can become not only a good gift, but also a real heirloom.

The state in the 21st century pays more attention to the development of the family institution, improving its quality, and developing spiritual values. Today, marriage is a sign of a person’s well-being, his support and support. Times change, but the basic principles of building relationships between a man and a woman remain unchanged: love, mutual respect, trust and care.

Family in modern society

Elena Belyaeva

Family in modern society

The family is the first social institution in a child’s life. The importance of the family as an educational institution is due to the fact that the child stays in it for a significant part of his life, and in terms of the duration of its impact on the individual, none of the educational institutions can compare with the family . What a person is like in adulthood is largely the result of family upbringing.

History has not yet provided an alternative to the family . Moreover, the stability or instability of social life , as well as the health of the nation, is directly dependent on the state of the family . A collapsing family is one of the conditions for the degradation of society .

Ideas about family are very different. For one this is the highest value, for another it is an empty phrase. A unit of society , an island of safety, a relic of the past or the ultimate dream - each of us understands in our own way what a family . Some include themselves and their husband, others a civil partner and a dog. For some, it is impossible without parents and children. And some see themselves as a member of a large family.

A family is a community of people based on a single family activity, connected by the ties of marriage, parenthood, and kinship, and thereby carrying out the reproduction of the population and the continuity of family generations, as well as the socialization of children and the maintenance of the existence of family . Only the presence of the triune relationship of marriage-parenthood-kinship allows us to talk about the construction of the family as such in its strict form.

A family is a small socio-psychological group that is based on marriage and (or)

consanguinity, all members of which are united by living together and running a household, emotional connection, mutual moral responsibility and mutual assistance.

If a man and woman live together in love and harmony, raise children, but their union is not registered anywhere, from a legal point of view they are not a family .

The family is the primary unit of society . It, one way or another, reflects all the processes occurring in society . In the 20th century, the classic family was a man and a woman in an official marriage, with children and a common household. Today things are different.

What changes have occurred to the institution of family ? Whether we like it or not, the modern family is different from what it was before.

•Alternative types of marriage have appeared: civil, guest, seasonal, open and others. “Exotic”
families (same-sex marriage, swinging, etc.)
are still a rare phenomenon in Russia, but they already exist.
“Foreign”
marriages are becoming more and more common.
The number of people who prefer loneliness or a woman’s conscious decision to join maternal families . Godwin-marriage, which involves the separation of spouses. With the advent of the “new Russians,”
another alternative
family : “
concubinate family ” : a man has
a family with a child, as well as a mistress who has a child from him. In the sphere of intimate life, the ideal of love has changed. The romantic ideal, which presupposed the preservation of marital relationships throughout life, is gradually being replaced by the ideal of “pure relationships”
.
“Pure relationships,”
unlike romantic ones, are not built with the goal of marriage or even cohabitation. A life together based on such a relationship continues only as long as mutual emotional and intimate satisfaction, openness and trust in each other are maintained.

• The age at first marriage has increased (28 years and older)

.
This is due to the fact that in order to become an adult, a person needs more time to prepare: a modern eighteen-year-old, according to certain parameters, is not ready to be included in adulthood, so he requires intermediate stages “adaptation”
to it.

• The age difference between partners has increased. Often the wife is older than her husband (in every seventh marriage - by 10, 20 or more years)

.

• The situation of the spouses has also changed. The development of production and the involvement of women in it contributed to the development of their economic independence and over time influenced role dominance in the family . Women are increasingly becoming the head of the family and making important decisions. They bear a triple burden: motherhood, housekeeping, and work. of the family - a man no longer corresponds to real economic practice , since traditionally he provided the family financially ; in modern society, a man does not always play the role of a father-breadwinner. If at the beginning of the 20th century the type “husband-father” prevailed, in the middle “husband-peer”, now it is “husband-child”

.

• Responsibility is shared equally between mother and father. of the family is reduced , and its composition is simplified. In its development, the family rapidly moves from having many children and having average children to having few children. The birth rate has fallen sharply, especially in recent years. In many regions of Russia, the mortality rate exceeded the birth rate. Now we have a predominant one-child family . Having one child often negatively affects the child’s character, his personal qualities and, in general, the child-parent relationship, especially when there are grandparents the family

•There is a separation between marriage and parenthood: the proportion of childless families and the number of families where parents are not married is increasing.

• The value of marriage and children for the family . If the classic family (father-breadwinner and mother-housewife, married from youth to old age and raising several children) determined a person’s destiny, then the modern family is one of the projects that a person carries out throughout his life. Young people have no fear of losing their family . They know that they can always run away, dividing not only property, but also children. Young people approach relationships less responsibly, invest less energy in them, perceiving each new interaction as only one option out of many possible ones.

• The modern family system is quite open - today it is easy to get married and just as easy to divorce. Divorce is no longer scary. Public opinion began to perceive it as a normal phenomenon, and in some situations even as beneficial. The reasons for this process are often the inability to adapt and the rudeness of spouses, as well as alcoholism. The presence of children is becoming less and less of an obstacle to divorce. Approximately 1/3 of all families have experienced divorce. And in terms of stress, divorce ranks second after the death of a loved one.

• Increasing number of remarriages - people are still looking for their other half. Hence the problem of stepchildren.

• The values ​​of individualism and democracy come to the fore. Each family strives to satisfy his or her individual goals. The level of expectations towards each other is increasing, but many cannot realize it due to cultural traditions and their individual characteristics. So-called “dual-career”
families , where both spouses set themselves the goals of a professional career, growth and self-realization. family relations primarily changes the system of role relationships between husband and wife. There is a transition from the complementarity of husband and wife, when each of them is strictly assigned certain responsibilities and functions, to interchangeability, when everything is built on the principle of help and support. There is a redistribution of power in the family . In the modern family, there is a tendency to move towards biarchy, that is, the absence of dominance by one of the partners in a monogamous marriage.
• The weakening influence of the family on the upbringing of the younger generation and the ever-increasing influence of the media, which carries largely inadequate information.

• Growth of family and household “criminal”

situations, crimes. Usually due to drunkenness.

In the modern world, there is a decline in the educational potential of the family . It interferes with raising your children:

• lack of time for upbringing due to excessive workload of parents.

• fatigue, which a person is forced to suppress at work, forcing himself to perform official duties. At home, sometimes he allows himself to relax, believing that tomorrow he will definitely take care of the child seriously;

• lack of time spent together and communication between children and parents ;

• unorganized life, leading to disagreement between parents, disordered life, and lack of system. Therefore, while solving everyday problems, the child can be dealt with only occasionally; the rest of the time he is left to his own devices. Because of this, not receiving proper attention in the family and showing interest on the part of the parents in solving the issues and problems that concern him, he is forced to seek mutual understanding and support “on the side”

.

• communication between parents and children most often takes place in the sphere of everyday life, recreation, hence the limited understanding of their children’s shortcomings: it is difficult for them to imagine how their child behaves with other adults, how he interacts with classmates in educational and extracurricular situations, how he treats his assignments in class, etc.

•insufficient level of pedagogical training of parents: some do not even have a minimum of pedagogical knowledge; others lack teaching skills; still others simply do not understand the importance of specific child-rearing methods. The inability of parents to raise children leads to a violation of the choice of measures in upbringing (lack of exactingness, unity of requirements, incorrect use of punishment and reward, suppression of the child’s personality, use of physical punishment, etc.).

• the growing value gap between generations, and as a consequence – their alienation;

• increasing the influence of external unfavorable factors on the microclimate in the family .

The crisis of the family in modern society is becoming more and more noticeable, and the way out of it is not yet visible. The crisis is expressed in the fact that the family is increasingly fulfilling its main function - raising children. Most experts come to a pessimistic conclusion: we are beginning to pay for industrial civilization, leading to the destruction of foundations, the deterioration of morals and human relations, and ultimately the death of society . If this is true, then our chances for a better future are slim. We can only hope that human wisdom will still find a way out and the situation in family education will change for the better, because the “health” of the family is closely connected the “health” of the entire society as a whole .

Psychological climate

The meaning of family in a person’s life is defined differently for everyone. Some honor and respect, express gratitude to their relatives, while others do not find value in this. It all depends on the environment in which and how a person was raised.

There are favorable and unfavorable climates.

Read also: Why does a dog dig in the bed?

The climate in a family can be determined by the following characteristics: emotional state, mutual understanding, cohesion, and so on. It is influenced by the relationship between the spouses, their attitude towards other people, towards the rest of the family. In a prosperous family, the psychological climate is determined by goodwill, care, a sense of duty and responsibility, and is characterized by the common interests of the wife and husband. Now it is more clear what importance family has in a person’s life - it is of paramount importance.

The role of family in human life and society

The family performs many important functions that ensure its functioning. Let's look at some of them:

1. The first priority is reproductive. Pursues the implementation of social and individual tasks. The first is responsible for the reproduction of the population, the second is the satisfaction of the natural need for the birth of children.
2. Educational. This is the socialization and education of children until they reach adulthood. Family traditions and values ​​are passed on to the baby, and moral principles are instilled.
3. Economic. The family provides satisfaction of primary needs - shelter, food and drink, clothing. Members of a small community manage a joint household, acquire and accumulate material goods and values ​​with the aim of passing them on to the younger generation.
4. Restorative. A person needs protection, love and care. Failure to satisfy these basic needs leads to problems associated with physical and psychological illnesses, resulting in depression, outbursts of aggression and nervous breakdowns both within the family and outside it. This entails the dissolution of the marriage, the children do not grow up in a full-fledged family. It all depends on the family members: if the common spirit is strong, loved ones respect, love each other, appreciate each other, make concessions, can organize leisure time and everyday life, their family ship will never crash on the reefs of problems.

A favorable emotional environment in a family is very important. Let's talk about it.

What is family debt?

Family is not only support, protection, but also the responsibility of people to each other.
There is a special term for this phenomenon - family debt. Let's look at it in more detail. Family duty is the moral requirements for people within the family and the personal rules that its members agree to abide by.

The role of family in the life of every person

Since ancient times, starting a family has been the most important part of human life. As a rule, it began with the registration of a marriage union. Marriage and family were sanctified by religion, registered by the authorities, and their functioning was subject to state laws, as well as unwritten social rules. Why was so much attention given to this social structure?

Obviously, the reason was the all-round helplessness of man - before the forces of nature, social laws, and authorities. The shortage of basic resources (food, housing, etc.) forced people to unite in certain small groups; raising the younger generation also required joint efforts. With rare exceptions, a person could not live without a family at all. One consideration was joint farming; this was also the reason for the large number of children the spouses had: children were additional workers, and the more of them, the more prosperous the family. By the way, the concept of “child” initially did not exist at all; As soon as the little person acquired the ability to act independently, he was immediately assigned to work.

But times changed, and the importance of family relationships decreased. Currently, a person is quite capable of feeding and equipping himself on his own, alone, so a family is not something irreplaceable. Nowadays, it’s just a person’s choice: for some it’s easier to live in family ties, while for others it’s easier and better to live alone. In this case, a person is not left completely alone, since he can be part of other social groups: work in a large, crowded organization, communicate with friends, he can be a public person (politician, actor, teacher), play in a rock band...

In ancient times, family relationships were the only legal opportunity to realize one's sexual life. The sexual sphere of human life was strictly controlled, and there were sound reasons for this, in addition to the usual religious ignorance. After all, any sexual contact implied the birth of children. This created a lot of problems (for example, intercourse of close relatives led to the appearance of unhealthy and non-viable offspring). In our time, it has become clear to people that it is possible to lead a free sex life without the need to give birth and raise children, so the family union has lost its significance from this point of view.

But this does not mean that the family has become completely unnecessary. Moreover, many considerations have appeared for creating a family union in addition to the function of reproduction. Today, for example, it becomes clear that an indispensable condition for a strong and long marriage is a commonality of interests: spouses love the same music, equally prefer to spend their free time, have similar professions, vote for the same candidates in elections - and so on. Further. Some people start a family for the purpose of traveling together, others – to organize a family business. There are known musical groups consisting partially or entirely of members of the same family.

The role of the family in society is no less important, since society itself consists of families, which are its micro-reflection and bear many of its most important functions.

The role of the family is not something static, unchangeable; moreover, it has significantly transformed throughout the historical existence of mankind. In the past, the role of the family was larger, a person was more dependent on his family origins, and was more closely connected by family ties and obligations. The person was practically inseparable from the family. Therefore, we can say that in more ancient times the family played a truly comprehensive role in the life of an individual. However, with the development of society, the family gradually cedes some of its functions. Thus, a person in modern society is less dependent on his social origin, is not bound by family restrictions in choosing a marriage partner, profession, lifestyle, etc.

However, despite the fact that the family has historically somewhat lost its position, nevertheless, it continues to play a special role to this day.

The family can with full confidence be classified as a special, fundamental group of society. The family is in a complex relationship with society and is subject to significant influence from its political, economic and legal systems. And, in turn, it has a fairly noticeable impact on society.

First of all, the role of the family in society is connected with its function of reproducing offspring. Actually, the family gives society new people. And she doesn’t just give, she raises, educates, supports and releases into the world an already formed personality, ready to play her direct role in this society.

The family, to a certain extent, is a kind of reduced model of society itself. The family, like society, is a set of relationships:

material-economic, social, cultural, psychological. The family, at a certain micro-level, models all types of relationships that exist in society and teaches them to the child. For many centuries, the family has been accumulating and inheriting certain property, experience, family memory, surname, and models of intra-family relationships. In the family, a person first encounters the division of labor, for example, in housekeeping and financial support for the family.

In addition, between family members there are legal, ideological, and, in addition, moral and religious relations. It is under the influence of the family that such important issues for society as the formation of labor resources, their distribution and redistribution, qualification growth and labor productivity are determined. Since the role of the family is especially evident when deciding issues regarding where a young person should go to study, where to go to study, or work, or not to go anywhere. And all these relationships are refracted in the family through a special psychological mechanism: they are based on feelings of affection, love, duty, kinship, responsibility between family members.

If we take such an important problem as the state of public health, we will again see the decisive role of the family in this issue. The family carries within itself the memory of a genetic, biological state of health. It is clear that children are a derivative of the genes of their parents. However, what is even more important is that habits and skills related to one’s health are formed in the family. The child adopts from his parents their lifestyle, attitudes towards a healthy or unhealthy attitude towards their physical condition. Whether a person engages in physical education or not, whether he likes to be in the forest or in nature in his free time, or whether he doesn’t like it, whether he leads an active lifestyle or a sedentary one, etc. - all this usually starts with the family.

Family brings up. It is she who instills the inclinations, tastes and needs of the younger generation. The role of the family is especially clearly manifested in the style of people’s consumption of material and spiritual values. A person’s focus on material or spiritual things, his desire to achieve something in life or the lack thereof, a craving for self-education, self-development, or a banal passion for profit - all this is a consequence of the foundations laid in him by his family.

The role of the family is decisive in the formation of the labor resources of society, and, in particular, their quality. What is the quality of a specialist and, therefore, what is the effectiveness of his functioning - this also largely depends on the family. Because it is here, through the personal example of the conscientious work of his parents, that a young man develops a highly conscious attitude towards his work, devotion to it, professional and labor honor, and also develops a general cultural level and breadth of erudition. The quality of children's studies at school is largely determined by the cultural and educational level of their parents. As a matter of fact, the very intellectual and moral climate, the spiritual atmosphere in the family is the most important factor in the success of a child’s studies at school.

Finally, the living conditions of the “departing” generations, pensioners, and elderly people have been and remain one of the most important problems of society, an indicator of its moral maturity and humanity. But it is in the family that habits, traditions, and moral foundations of attitude towards the older generation are laid: mercy or callousness, warm kindness or cold self-interest.

Family functions and their characteristics

Now the question arises: why does humanity need family unions at all?

It’s not for nothing that a family union is called a “unit of society.” This means that it is like a miniature model of a “big” society, and therefore its functionality is varied.

We inherited the most basic functions from our animal ancestors. These are childbearing and educational functions. With childbirth, everything is clear: the family union was originally created to organize reproduction. Education is a more complex function, primitive forms of which are found only in mammals, as well as birds and crocodiles that are evolutionarily close to them. Education involves preparing offspring for adult life: this, in particular, is protection, theoretical and practical training, introduction to work and social interactions.

Another function of the family community is the fulfillment of sexual needs. This view of marriage appeared in ancient civilizations when people were faced with the need to control sexual intercourse.

The next function of the family is household chores. Members of a family community run a common household and jointly satisfy each other’s material needs. Family work becomes more efficient and productive than single work.

Other functions of the family include spiritual (joint spiritual enrichment and leisure activities), recreational (joint restoration of physical and mental strength), social (socialization, social control, familiarization with culture and moral standards), emotional (satisfying the needs for understanding, recognition , protection, etc.).

It is clear that the family community in humans has a much deeper meaning than in animals. Small groups in mammals have evolved along with the species themselves. In various animals, even the rudiments of “higher functions” of the family union, which seem to be characteristic only of humans, are observed. Thus, in birds, the female and the male, after “marriage,” build a joint nest. Many animals have developed joint “economic activities”, including division of labor: the male hunts, and the female protects the cubs.

Male needs

Now I will try to explain, does a man need a family? Of course, this is a circle that includes your closest and dearest people, an area where you can relax and replenish lost energy. What does a married man get from this:

Face-to-face consultation What are the features and advantages of face-to-face consultation? Find out more

Skype consultation What are the features and advantages of Skype consultations? Find out more

• He receives a devoted adviser who organizes his vacation, takes care of him, and gives advice.
• The ability to create a large family and raise children with good upbringing and character.
• A man becomes a leader, takes responsibility for all concerns about his family, and protects his interests.
• Creating a family budget.

Value guidelines

Friendly and strong relationships are a small brick for building a strong and reliable foundation for a family community. Values ​​are traditions, foundations, moral and moral principles by which a person lives and never violates them, only in rare cases. I will list the main ones for you:

Ask a question

• Sincerity. Loyalty and honesty are a stable basis for relationships, without which it is impossible to build a strong and healthy union. To maintain such stability, it is necessary to accept criticism without hysterics and think sensibly. If you calmly respond to the truth and try to cope with your shortcomings, your loved one will always be sincere with you.
• Compliance. Showing loyalty is a great way to avoid pointless arguments.
• Cohesion. Each family member needs to have his own personal space and have his own area of ​​activity. But he must know that he has a family that he must not forget about, and periodically return to it, leaving behind problems at work. Uniting with loved ones is not difficult - just spend time together.
• Mercy. Learn to forgive people and not be offended by little things. Let go of all adversity and misunderstandings, life is short, don’t waste it. Touchiness takes away time, energy, good mood and strength.
• Generosity. It is important that spouses raise their child, attaching special importance to good nature. You should not instill in your child a sense of mutual benefit. Well-mannered individuals have the following qualities: tact, sincerity, empathy, humanity, kindness.
• Traditional customs. They are different for every family. Some gather every year to celebrate a relative's birthday. Others host movie nights on Thursdays. It is necessary to teach children from childhood to honor their ancestors and follow traditions. Draw a tree of life together - this will help your child get to know his loved ones better.
• Curiosity. Give your child the opportunity to study and understand the world, answer the endless questions of your why.
• Sociality. It is necessary to talk about everything and always with your husband, child, close relative. Communication is the path to trust, which in turn maintains healthy relationships.
• Responsibility. It develops with age, but it is necessary to educate children from infancy. First, make them clean up the toys scattered throughout the room, then entrust them with caring for the pets. Possessing this quality, it will be easy for the baby to follow the path of life.

Depending on value guidelines, a good climate, and moral principles, a healthy family image is formed.

Let's talk about family values

A strong and friendly family is a small brick of a reliable foundation of a large healthy society, therefore the role of the modern family in the life of each person individually and society as a whole is very great.

Values ​​are the walls of a small cell of society, these are the rules and moral principles, foundations, traditions by which it lives, which it tries not to violate. Judging by them, one can determine what importance family has in a person’s life.

Let's consider the main ones:

• Truthfulness. Honesty in relationships is the basis of everything. Without it, it will not be possible to create a strong and reliable rear. It is necessary to honor any manifestation of it, to take criticism sensibly, because next time you will not hear the truth addressed to you.
• Flexibility. It is very important to show loyalty to avoid unnecessary quarrels and infighting.
• Cohesion. Family members need to have personal space and freedom for various activities. But everyone should clearly know that they have a strong family to which they can always return.

To be one, you need to spend leisure time together and meet with relatives.

• Forgiveness. You need to be able to forgive and not be offended over trifles. Life is too short to waste it on unnecessary quarrels that waste energy, time and effort.
• Generosity. From childhood we need to teach children to give without demanding anything in return. This is the foundation of such valuable qualities as empathy, sensitivity, tact, compassion, humanity, and so on.

After all, if this is not given to the baby at the beginning of his life’s journey, he will not fill the emptiness of his soul later.

• Traditions. Let's talk about what family traditions are. Each one is different. Some visit the graves of their grandfathers every year, gathering with relatives from all over the world. Others traditionally celebrate their son’s birthday outdoors with tents. Still others organize a home theater with popcorn every Friday.

It is important to instill an interest in ancestors from childhood, teach them to honor and remember them. You can create a tree of life together - you need to know your ancestors, your roots.

• Curiosity. It is necessary to notice and satisfy the baby’s curiosity in time, to help him explore the world.
• Communication. A very important value in every family. You should always talk about everything. Communication builds trust on which everything rests.
• Responsibility. It appears with age, but it is necessary to instill it in a child from childhood. Starting from cleaning up toys, keeping the room tidy, caring for a pet and so on.

It will be easy for a child to go through life, possessing this invaluable quality.

Depending on existing family values, a favorable climate, established moral principles and foundations, an image of a family is formed that will become the face of a cohesive social group.

A strong rear will ensure the healthy emotional and physical development of each family member: wife, child, spouse.

check yourself

Let's check how well you have learned the material about the basic functions of the family and its other characteristics. In this block we have collected 5 tasks that will help you find out.

Exercise 1

Let's consider a fictitious situation.

Mikhail and Oksana are not married, but they have been living together for 10 years and are strictly raising their common child, 5-year-old Sasha. Antonina Vasilyevna, Oksana’s mother, lives in the same apartment with them. Oksana herself is raising her son, takes care of the house, and works part-time as a nail technician in the evening. Mikhail works as a taxi driver and does not help Oksana with household chores, because, in his opinion, this is not a man’s business. He earns less than his common-law spouse, but still makes all decisions and considers himself the head of the family.

Think and classify this family as one of the types according to the categories that we studied in the article. Suggest: what psychological climate can reign in this union? Give reasons for your opinion.

Task 2

Below we have listed 5 statements about the main functions of the family in the life of society and its other characteristics. Divide them into true and false.

1. This or that psychological climate is the result of relationships between family members.
2. Based on the number of children, families are divided into 2 groups.
3. Parents are required to support their child financially until the age of 16, until he finds a job.
4. At birth, a child takes on the social status of his parents.
5. All families go through the same life cycle.

Task 3

Re-read the section on the functions and features of modern families. Think about which of them you consider positive and which negative? Give reasons for your answer.

Task 4

Think about why today the extended family model, which was ubiquitous in society before, is outdated? Tell us about your opinion on this trend.

Task 5

Tell us about your attitude to the concept of “family duty.” How does your family treat him?

Family is not only a part of every person’s life, but also the topic of a number of questions on the Unified State Exam and Unified State Exam in social studies. If you want to improve your knowledge in this subject and get more points in the exam, we recommend studying with a competent mentor. We've created social studies courses to help you fill gaps, build confidence, and prepare for the exam without stress. You can try training on the Skysmart platform in a free introductory lesson.

Practical tips:

• Family always comes first. It is necessary to spend time together as often as possible. These are family holidays, dinners, breakfasts, because children see and adopt the tenderness of feelings that close and dear ones show to each other.
• Don't neglect respect. You need to start with yourself. If you do not respect your family, strangers, or your children, in the end they will treat everyone the same way, and this is scary.
• Create family traditions together.
• Involve your children in homework and be sure to praise them for it.
• Show your love for them. Hug, kiss, say kind words more often.
• Demonstrate to your sons the ideal of a family man so that he can take advantage of this model of behavior and create his own strong and reliable family in the future.

Children should be raised in healthy families, then they will be emotionally stable and stronger, more balanced, and more self-confident.

Having such baggage behind them, they will never become socially dangerous people and will benefit society, respect themselves, family, the society in which they live, and existing laws, rules and foundations.

What role does family play in a person’s life? Why do we need relatives and friends? Family and society.

Since ancient times, the family has been the main thing in the life of every person. It was believed that a person cannot exist without a family. People farmed together, had a large number of children, raised and taught physical labor from childhood.

But over time, the image of the family changed, and the importance of relationships decreased. Nowadays, a person is able to feed and equip himself, so a family is not something irreplaceable. Nowadays, it’s just a person’s choice: for some it’s easier to live in family ties, while for others it’s easier and better to live alone.

Why is a family needed? The role of parents for a child

Parents give their child only the best in life, affection, love, attention. The child begins to understand what a family is a little later. At a more mature age, he understands that the family will always help and support. This gives the child confidence and the understanding that he can handle everything.

The role of parents in a child's life

Women perceive the concept of family in their own way. This is necessarily the birth of children, love, mutual understanding and passion. For men, these are earnings, caring for someone and heirs.

Girls strive to create good family relationships:

• They fulfill their destiny and become wives;
• There are regular friends and girlfriends with whom they spend their free time;
• They want support. She doesn't want to solve all the problems alone. For example, repairs fall on the shoulders of the spouse;
• They take care of themselves, play sports, try to cook delicious food;
• The full development of a child depends on both parents - mom and dad;
• Common interests, self-development together;
• Household and financial comfort. Family expenses are divided in half.

Family relationships for a woman
What does a married man get:

• A good and devoted wife who supports and takes care of him;
• Creates a large family where children with excellent upbringing and character grow up;
• A man is a leader who takes responsibility not only for himself, but also for his family and friends;
• Controls the cash flow in the family.

Family relationships for men
Family life cycle and its stages

Young family

The young people get married and their first child is born. The feelings between the couple are especially strong, but the number of divorces is also high, and a period of “grinding in” occurs. The main problem is when relatives interfere in the life of the family, often young people do not have their own home, they have to live with their parents, this is stressful for the psyche of the whole family.

Young family

Family with minor children

Emotional stress, the spouses teach the matured child the principles of life, providing him financially.

This time often coincides with a midlife crisis. A person realizes that part of his life is lived, looking at his own successes and status, and remains dissatisfied with the results.

Family with a small child

Final stage

A new period of spouses begins, as well as adaptation to the adult status of children. Age-related changes occur in the body, health deteriorates, and physical strength weakens.

Golden wedding

Conflicts. Mistakes that can lead to divorce

Every family has conflicts. Mostly they occur at home. It is important to maintain family relationships and try to avoid unpleasant situations. Show respect and tact; restraint helps overcome conflict.

What mistakes can lead to divorce?

• Attempts to change or re-educate a person;
• With the advent of children, a woman spends more time with the child, this can put the marriage at risk. Gradually, feelings fade away, and people simply live together;
• Constant reproaches and criticism. You cannot compare your husband with other men. Be tolerant of each other. Before you say something, think about whether you will offend a loved one;
• Control. The wife makes the mistake of constantly watching her husband. Constant attempts at control can result in divorce;
• Talk to each other if problems arise, because a man cannot read your thoughts;
• Don't find out who's boss in the house. In this way, the authority of the husband can be undermined;
• Family budget. To avoid financial conflicts, discuss how much money will be spent on family needs and how much you can spend on yourself.

Conflicts, quarrels and scandals
Why does a person need a family?

Psychologists believe that everyone needs close people (husband, wife, parents, other relatives). A person needs to love and show care. You can share your experiences, as well as your secrets and thoughts. In marriage, a person receives everything he needs, love, support, as well as understanding, without which it is difficult to live.

A happy family

When a couple of lovers decide to get married, they cross a line where many problems arise, at this moment there is no need to shift them onto each other. The main thing in a family is honesty, openness and trusting relationships. A happy family knows how to spend time together and enjoy life.

Spouses should have the opportunity to be alone sometimes, make personal friends, have hobbies and their own interests. Everyone must understand that all people have personal characteristics; it is necessary to accept and respect each other with dignity.

A happy family

What types of families are there:

• Inferior;
• With family ties;
• By number of children: no children, one or two, large;
• By management: who is in charge, husband, wife or equality;
• Number of parents: full and part-time;
• Presence of registered relationships: registered marriage and cohabitation;
• Number of marriages of partners: first marriage and remarriage;
• Family relationships: no children, the child is taken from an orphanage.

Family Life Tips

We put family first, which means spending time together. Remember, you serve as an example for your children, laying the image of an ideal family relationship.

Respect each other. Start with yourself.

Create your own family traditions:

• Do all household chores together and do not forget to praise;
• Love needs to be shown. Say kind words, kiss, hug;
• Show your sons an example of how a man should behave in a relationship, so that in the future they will create strong and reliable families.

Family traditions
Raise children in healthy families, then they will have a stable psyche, balanced and self-confident.

Having such an example in life, children will not become socially dangerous people and will benefit society. They will respect not only themselves, but also others, as well as the laws and principles of society.