Temperaments. Types, appearance, career guidance, definition

If you like interesting facts from the world of psychology, then you should know what human temperament is and what types there are.

Temperament (Latin temperamentum - “stable mixture of components”) is a stable set of individual psychophysiological characteristics of a person associated with dynamic, rather than meaningful aspects of activity.

Temperament is the basis for the formation and development of character.

By the way, the most famous personality psychotypes are described here.

The doctrine of temperaments appeared in Ancient Greece. The famous physician Hippocrates once wondered why some people are hot-tempered and others are calm, why some patients are easy to calm down, while others remain agitated for a long time.

He identified four types of psychological characteristics of people, which were later called temperaments. This classification is still used today.

Temperament: 4 types of human temperament

A person’s temperament can be called a kind of biological foundation on the basis of which the personality itself is formed. These are social properties of the psyche that determine the dynamics of mental activity, behavior and social adaptation of people.

Hippocrates is considered to be the founder of the doctrine of types of temperament. He argued that people are divided depending on the ratio of the four main substances of the body: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood. Claudius Galen supported the idea of Hippocrates and wrote an entire scientific treatise called “Right Measure”. Claudius Galen identified four main types of human temperament. These are sanguine (blood), choleric (bile), phlegmatic (phlegm), melancholic (black bile).

Take a temperament and extroversion/introversion test.

What is temperament

Temperament is based on the type of higher nervous system. People (like animals) differ from each other from birth:

by the strength of the processes of excitation and inhibition;
the balance of these processes;
mobility (changeability) of excitation and inhibition processes.

Taken together, this determines the endurance of nerve cells, that is, the endurance of the psyche.

Discovery of temperament

When excitation predominates over inhibition, conditioned reflexes are formed quickly and slowly subside, and when the ratio is reversed, conditioned reflexes are formed slowly and quickly fade away. These patterns were discovered by the domestic scientist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov.

This discovery made an invaluable contribution to the further development of psychology and pedagogy. Currently, there is no doubt that each person requires an individual approach in the process of upbringing, training or psychological correction.

Temperament and personality

Temperament is a set of innate mental properties. It serves as the basis for character formation. This is what is biological in a person.

At the same time, temperament is involved in the formation of personality. As a set of individual characteristics, it influences the dynamics and emotional side of human activity and behavior.

Depends on temperament:

speed of occurrence of mental activity;
stability of mental processes;
mental tempo and rhythm;
intensity of mental processes;
direction of mental activity.

Anxiety, impulsiveness, emotionality, impressionability and other personality traits depend on temperament.

Temperament and character

Temperament is often confused with character. I propose to put an end to the differentiation of these issues once and for all.

If character is a product of socialization, then temperament is an innate, unchangeable feature of an individual.
You cannot change your temperament, but you can learn to manage it. Character can be changed.
Temperamental traits can be masked by personality traits, making it difficult to determine what type of temperament a particular person belongs to.

Temperament and activity

Temperament provides an individual style of activity, that is, work methods characteristic of a particular person. So, for example, one child, when solving a problem, can sit idle for a long time, think about it and immediately write down the result, while another will immediately start writing something down, sketching it out, crossing it out, and after a while will isolate the main thing from it. Same result - different ways to achieve it.

Properties of temperament in psychology

Human temperament is based on a number of specific properties, such as:

Sensitivity. This is the degree of force of external influence necessary for a reaction to occur on the part of the psyche. Some people react calmly to external stimuli, others react violently;

Reactivity. The property of reactivity is determined by the level of involuntary reaction to internal or external influence (sharp sound, tone of voice);

Activity, the ratio of activity and reactivity. These properties indicate how a person reacts to life's difficulties. Is he ready to overcome various obstacles in life, to be focused, persistent, attentive;

Rigidity and plasticity. These properties of temperament can indicate how skillfully a person can adapt to external influences of the social environment;

Rate of reactive activity . They characterize the speed of mental processes and reactions to external stimuli;

Introversion and extroversion. These properties depend on the speed of human reactions and the speed of solutions applied;

Emotional excitability . Characterizes the degree of external influence on a person in the form of manifestations of signs of emotional arousal;

Is it possible to identify?

Usually people easily notice phlegmatic people in their social circle. The main feature of such a person is the tendency to show emotions as restrained as possible. This person doesn't cry and doesn't seem to be upset at all. It is not more common to see obvious manifestations of joy. The temperament is such that the person’s resilience is equally great, both mental and emotional. The biggest problem in the life of such a person is too rapid a change in the situation, the transience of what is happening.

If you observe him from the outside, you can see that he needs time to evaluate the changes around him. If the changes are very sudden, the person gets lost. After analyzing the situation, he develops a plan and methodically achieves his goal. A balanced and calm person is hardworking, which often greatly surprises those around him who are less stable. He absorbs large blocks of information for a long time without much effort, analyzing the data. This is a diligent person who works effectively and achieves success primarily in areas that require the applicant to collect, own, and use data.

Choleric - characteristics of temperament: pros and cons

Cholerics have a strong-willed character.

Type of nervous system : unbalanced, unrestrained, overly mobile.

A choleric person takes on any difficult task, no matter how difficult it is. Such people are excellent speakers, they are eloquent and convincing in almost any dispute.

Choleric people are not vindictive, they quickly forget grievances and cannot hold within themselves for a long time a feeling of anger towards the offender.

Cholerics are excellent leaders; they can organize people and make difficult decisions for them. In a critical situation, a choleric person is able to group, repel the enemy, and protect a weak person.

The choleric person is not restrained in his statements in relation to current events, and can sometimes become rude.

Cholerics have a certain tendency to dominate other people. Often people with such temperaments are prone to rapid mood changes and excessive gesticulation.

In the love sphere, the choleric person is quite jealous, and for him the loved one becomes a kind of property. People with this type of temperament quickly fall in love and become attached to another person. Sometimes choleric people in relationships are prone to anger and scandals.

Choleric children are quite capricious and are often the center of attention in the family. A child can use his emotions to achieve the desired result. Such children are often capricious, show hyperactivity in adolescence, and may become interested in sports or music, but they quickly become bored with their hobbies.

In what areas of activity do phlegmatic people find themselves?

Measured actions, realism, dominance of reason over emotions (or even maximum suppression of the latter) are above all for people with this type of temperament. Therefore, when choosing a field of activity, they will refuse noise, fuss, violence, crowds of people and other irritants.

Photo by Thirdman: Pexels

They need privacy, peace, and time to think. But, having languidly brewed tea and looked out the window, they suddenly come to the correct (for the most part) conclusions and decisions.

In their professional activities, phlegmatic people achieve success in the field of investigators, researchers, librarians, archivists and other professions where their psychophysiological qualities can be revealed to the maximum.

Disadvantages of a choleric person

The main disadvantages of a choleric person include:

Excessive haste in your actions and actions;
Cholerics are not patient;
Excessive impulsiveness and imbalance;
Excessive straightforwardness and harshness when communicating with other people;
Aggression that occurs periodically;

Psychologists recommend that choleric people learn to work on themselves. This work should include the ability to control oneself in any conflict situations. Often choleric people make rash decisions and literally throw themselves into the pool headlong. The ten-second tactic suits them, which consists of mentally counting to ten before making an important decision or expressing an opinion.

How to survive if you are melancholic

As soon as you take a temperament test and see a disappointing result, panic begins in your head. The question arises: “what should I do if I’m melancholic?” Contrary to stereotypes, this is not the worst temperament. It is important for vulnerable individuals to learn stress resistance and apply this skill in everyday life.

Where to get energy or a short guide on how to become happy

Minimize communication with toxic people who bring negativity into your life.
Do not get carried away with caffeine and other nervous system stimulants.
Spend more time in the fresh air, watch your sleep patterns and diet.
Play sports.
Plan your work schedule so that you have time for self-development and spiritual practices.

Don't rush to label yourself and come up with excuses. Remember that how others treat you will depend on how you present yourself.

Sanguine person - characteristics: pros and cons of sanguine person

Sanguine people are cheerful and incorrigible optimists. These people cannot sit still, they need constant movement.

Sanguine people are very active, and this activity manifests itself in literally all areas of a sanguine person’s life. They love to be the center of attention, but unlike choleric people, they do not have the habits of dictators.

The peculiarity of the psychological behavior of sanguine people is characterized by a high degree of excitability.

Sanguine people know how to get along with people and find a compromise in any difficult life situations. They are resourceful and enterprising. A sanguine person can literally lead a crowd, because these people are excellent speakers who know how to convince others that they are right.

Hyperactivity does not give a sanguine person the right to sit still. He tries to make his life brighter and more interesting. Such people love to travel, discovering more and more new facets of the world around them. Many artists, musicians, and actors are sanguine.

Why phlegmatism is bad

Consistency is a good character trait, but only in certain situations. For example, it is good to consistently do your job well or to be consistent in a relationship. In the case of a phlegmatic person, not everything is so simple.

A classic example of phlegmatism is the fairy tale about Masha and the three bears. “Who was sitting on my chair and moved it from its place?” - the puzzled heroes ask. It would seem that this is not as terrible as breaking into someone else’s house or damaging property (a broken chair, eaten porridge, a rumpled bed), but each of the bears is initially concerned only with themselves and only with their “constant”.

The same goes for phlegmatic people. They a priori do not like change. Despite strong nerves, rearranging the furniture in the apartment, replacing a toothbrush and other household little things is extremely difficult for them. In severe cases, breakdowns, attacks of rage, a desire to tear and throw into pieces are possible, just to return everything to its usual form (it’s no wonder Mashenka ran away from the hut so quickly).

Psychological feature of a sanguine person

If we talk about the psychological component of sanguine people, then in these people the degree of excitement in the central nervous system is quite high. On the contrary, the inhibition threshold is low, and therefore sanguine people perceive the world in a somewhat illusory way. But at the same time, thinking and memory functions are remarkably developed. Often sanguine people focus their memory only on what arouses their interest. They can remember funny incidents, but at the same time forget the birthdays of their friends. Sanguine people pay attention to noticeable details, such as bright clothes or the unusual hairstyle of their interlocutor.

The emotional background of sanguine people is quite diverse. These people are emotional and are not afraid to show their experiences to others. They often gesture when talking, and may hug or kiss when meeting. These emotions are completely sincere; a sanguine person wants to please people and receive the same reaction from them in return. Sanguine people are distinguished by unconventional thinking; they are constantly trying to learn something new, change their image or type of activity. Monotonous work and loneliness lead them to severe depression.

People with this type of temperament have a lot of friends. A sanguine person knows how to make friends, and always comes to a person’s aid in a difficult situation. In personal relationships, sanguine people are sometimes flighty. An excessive thirst for communication prevents them from building a strong family.

Phlegmatic child

A calm and balanced phlegmatic child is a joy for his grandparents. He never gets into trouble, doesn’t climb fences and construction sites, doesn’t fight, doesn’t act up. However, the danger lies in the fact that he can grow into a lack of initiative, infantile and lazy adult who does not have his own views and beliefs.

This child loves tasks that require him to sit and think. Even a four-year-old child enjoys solving puzzles, putting puzzles together, and playing chess. To keep your child occupied for an hour and a half, just give him a thick picture book. He will look at her with interest. Phlegmatic children also love to listen to fairy tales.

At school, teachers dote on such a child, because he is quiet, calm and diligent. Most excellent students are phlegmatic.

A phlegmatic child is mostly calm, but tasks that require quick reaction and speed unsettle him. And if you also try to urge the baby on, then the matter may end in neurosis.

Also, a phlegmatic child is nervous because of a change in situation, regime, or environment. Therefore, such children have difficulty adapting to kindergarten or school. This takes them much longer than all other children.

Some parents, seeing the sluggishness and slowness of their phlegmatic child, try to stir him up. Threats and shouting are used. And this is their huge mistake. The child begins to get even more nervous, his mental tension increases and nervousness develops, but this does not make him any more agile. Quite the contrary - it acts even slower.

Another popular mistake some loving parents make is over-care and help. When they see their phlegmatic baby trying to do something with great effort, they immediately rush to do it for him. As a result, the child develops self-doubt, a desire to avoid any active actions and a lack of independence.

It is necessary to develop the activity and mobility of a phlegmatic child consistently and measuredly, adapting to his pace. Once he has mastered the basic skill, he can move on to the next stage of training. The main thing is not to rush yourself and not to rush the child.

If you, dear parents, recognize your child in this description, then I want to share with you some recommendations for parenting.

Do not reproach your child for being slow and do not rush him. Otherwise he will become nervous and complex.
Introduce your child to active activities gradually. Play ball, badminton, tag, etc. with him. But don’t scold him if he doesn’t have time to react in time. Remember that your child will need a little more time to master the skill.
Play role-playing games with him, during which you play out different situations. For example, a bear and a bunny quarreled. Invite your child to figure out how to reconcile them. Subsequently, it will be easier for the child to communicate with peers.

I also recommend watching a short video with advice from a psychologist.

The main disadvantages of sanguine people:

Inconsistency in actions and deeds. A sanguine person often gets down to business, but rarely completes it; such people cannot work in monotonous work;
Sanguine people often overestimate themselves and their capabilities;
People with a similar temperament have mood swings, it is difficult for them to develop strong-willed qualities;

Psychologists recommend that sanguine people work more on their willpower. Pay attention to little things, learn to rely on your own strengths.

Choleric - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

This is a fairly bright psychotype, which has both negative and positive sides.

Negative aspects of choleric:

Can't stand being defeated by others
Impatient, always in a hurry, which is why they end up in unpleasant situations
Emotional and truthful. People often get offended by them for this
Hysterical. The slightest unpleasant word can cause a storm of emotions and indignation
Superficial. They rarely delve into the essence of the problem; they are not interested in digging into something and delving into it
They quickly get to work, but just as quickly they quit what they started without finishing it

Positive qualities of a choleric person:

Fast and agile. Can instantly complete assigned tasks
Decisive. They always know what to do in a specific situation without hesitation
They are not afraid of change. Always go on adventures
They don't hold grudges. They move away quickly and don't get angry

Recommended professions:

Designer
Geologist
Artist
Photographer
Entrepreneur
Advertising agent

It is better to give preference to a flexible schedule rather than hourly work. Choleric people are better off working for results rather than spending hours in the office.

Choleric - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

Phlegmatic - characteristics: pros and cons

A phlegmatic person is a balanced person who carefully thinks through his every step. Usually such people have an analytical mind and look at life around them soberly.

Phlegmatic people are quite lazy, often prefer not to be active and go with the flow. They are always calm and unperturbed. Even if they have experienced stress or an unpleasant life situation, they do not always show their temper.

It is difficult to anger a phlegmatic person; his nervous system is like a scale keeping balance. If it is difficult to bring him to simple emotions, then making him show activity or joy is even more difficult.

In other words, the phlegmatic type of human temperament is recognized as the most balanced and emotionally stable.

Phlegmatic people do not immediately make contact with people; they need time to assess the situation. A sudden change in the environment is like a tragedy for them and it is very difficult to bear. These people do not like active entertainment, they like a cozy home environment, and often prefer to spend time alone with themselves.

Phlegmatic people are painstaking and diligent in their work, they have a good memory and can remember large amounts of information.

Phlegmatic people are rather closed and hidden; they are reluctant to show sympathy for another person. But if a phlegmatic person likes a representative of the opposite sex, then he will do everything to achieve his favor.

It is quite difficult to find friends with a phlegmatic person; he does not make contact well. But if a person with this type of temperament finds a friend, then this friendship can last a lifetime. For phlegmatic people, family is a kind of fortress in which they feel comfortable. Such people get married late and may spend a long time searching for a partner.

Good Traits of Phlegmatism

Remember Lieutenant Columbo? Measured, calm, meticulous, clearly following his goal. The character, portrayed on screen by Peter Falk, has a pronounced phlegmatic type of temperament. He is restrained and calm in any situation: here is a lieutenant peeling a boiled egg over the body of a victim (work is work, and breakfast is on schedule), and here he is calmly smoking a cigar, listening to another “you are not welcome here.”

He is amazingly efficient and approaches his duties with full responsibility. He can come to work on first call, and if necessary, combines work with other components of his life (talks about his wife, takes his dog with him, shares childhood memories, etc.). By the way. at these moments he is absolutely sure that his private life is sincerely interesting to his interlocutors.

Giphy

This quality is also characteristic of phlegmatic people. although they don’t talk about anything personal very often.

As a result, Columbo will still have breakfast and solve the crime, because confidence, unhurriedness and a strong desire to complete what he started help him in this.

Melancholic - characteristics: pros and cons of melancholic

Melancholic people are prone to attacks of despair and depression. The temperament of such people is sluggish and pessimistic. Any event, even a minor one, makes a melancholic person worry. He does not know how to enjoy life, and sees it exclusively in a negative tone. Sadness and melancholy can cover such a person for no reason; melancholic people often experience a feeling of self-pity.

People with this type of temperament have to resort to secrecy and suppression of emotions. They experience everything within themselves, which is why depressive mental states appear. Psychologists note that a huge number of people who commit suicide are melancholic.

A melancholic person reacts slowly to external stimuli, does not remember information well, and often suffers from a lot of complexes and an excessively low level of personal self-esteem. Motor activity is sluggish and inexpressive.

Melancholic people cannot work intensively and monotonously, as they necessarily need rest or short breaks to stabilize their psychological state. In a social environment, such people are lethargic, uncommunicative, and it is difficult for them to find a soul mate or a close friend. It is difficult for them to be active and cheerful. They choose sanguine or choleric people as people, since this choice is explained by the melancholic’s subconscious desire to be taken care of.

It can be difficult for melancholic people to arrange their personal life. Often a big role in the fiasco of love relationships is played by their indecision and cowardice. They choose a strong person as their life partner. There are also advantages to this type of temperament.

Melancholic people are kind, vulnerable, and will always share the last thing they have. They subconsciously want to help a person in need.

Definition of temperament and brief instructions for interaction

You can guess the temperament of your interlocutor based on observations of him, but this is an ambiguous and complex method. Currently, there are many accurate methods for diagnosis and self-diagnosis.

Eysenck test. The most popular technique that determines the type of temperament on two scales: stable and unstable, introversion and extroversion. Allows you to determine the severity of each type and the nature of mixed temperament. Suitable for self-diagnosis.
Another popular technique is the Belov formula. This questionnaire is smaller than the previous one, characterizes only temperaments (without scales), but also gives the value and percentage of each type in a person.

Determining temperament is the first stage, but far from the main one. Much more important is the ability to understand the person opposite and interact with him competently, taking into account his innate characteristics.

Interaction with a choleric person

Remember that not everything that a choleric person says is really true. It's just that his speech is ahead of his thoughts.
The conditions and specific emotions of the choleric person at the moment are to blame. Under other conditions, he may say the opposite.
If, in a fit of anger, a choleric person said something unpleasant, this does not mean at all that he really has a bad opinion of you.
In a relationship with a choleric person, you should be lenient, not take everything to heart, take into account situations that are individually dangerous for him and avoid them.
Remember that choleric people do not get hung up on quarrels and conflicts (especially random and momentary ones), they actually forget them and never return to discussions.
Do not put pressure on the choleric person, especially in work matters.
Instead, give yourself a break and provide support.

Interaction with a sanguine person

Communication is the air for a sanguine person. It’s worth getting used to and accepting the fact that there are always a lot of people around him. People are drawn to a sanguine person, and he is drawn to them.
It seems that it is impossible to argue with him, but this is not so. Despite their optimism and friendliness, sanguine people are rich in “cockroaches”.
Due to the superficiality of their judgments, sanguine people often make the wrong conclusions. But they cannot be superficial. Remember this and give them a second chance.
It is difficult for a sanguine person to admit his mistakes; he does not know how to do this. That's why you shouldn't wait for it.
Face - instructions for a sanguine person. The case when everything is really written on the face. Be observant, and the facial expressions of a sanguine person will tell you everything: what a person thinks, what is pleasant to him, what is unpleasant, and so on.
Constantly feed it with impressions and events. With monotony and the same type of sensations, a sanguine person gets bored and may leave the relationship. But they become attached to those who always give them new emotions, sensations and conditions of reality for a long time.
Sanguine people like it when they are asked for advice or asked for their opinion.
Reason with him, solve problems, make plans.
Don't neglect extreme sports and adrenaline.

Interaction with a melancholic person

Avoid loud and sharp sounds and screams.
Do not resort to a negative assessment of the melancholic person and what is dear to him.
Avoid criticism, punishment, and reproach. If necessary, choose soft, non-accusatory forms.
Getting close to a melancholic person is simple - you need to evoke self-pity, tell a sad story, evoke and show sympathy.
Avoid extreme situations and entertainment.
Preference should be given to warm, sincere conversations.
When it comes to films, a melancholic person will prefer drama to horror and thrillers.
Never say “urgently”, don’t push, don’t demand, don’t order. This drives the melancholic person into a stupor, he begins to frantically make the wrong movements, panics, and does not understand anything.
In detailed work that requires focus and attention, a melancholic person is an excellent candidate.
A melancholic person should be introduced to new people gradually and carefully. Don’t “throw him into the hole with all his might.”
Melancholic people have well-developed intuition, they rarely make mistakes.

Interaction with a phlegmatic person

You can recognize a phlegmatic person only through communication, but you need to pull everything out with pincers.
Phlegmatic people are conservatives, so you shouldn’t demand that they quickly get used to and accept something new.
In new situations or after a non-standard proposal, give the phlegmatic person enough time to think.
Don’t expect efficiency and speed in other matters either. A person interacting with a phlegmatic person must be able to wait and be patient.
Don't expect sympathy or other emotional responses, especially momentarily.
But this does not mean that they are completely indifferent and do not experience emotions. A phlegmatic person may worry about you, but it is difficult for him to squeeze out words or gestures; he would rather silently do something useful for you.
By the way, they expect the same sympathy from others: support in deeds, not in words.
If you want to win the favor of a phlegmatic person, then you need to be realistic, avoid fantasies, demonstrate logic and prudence, equanimity and rationality.
Entertainment, holidays, creativity, and conversations do not attract a phlegmatic person. The matter is important to him.
The second thing that attracts me is clear, practical, understandable speech. It is recommended to avoid imagery and slang when communicating with a phlegmatic person.
It is better to write out all requests or tasks for a phlegmatic person on paper, writing them down as clear instructions.

There are no bad or good temperaments; you can find a common language with any person, however, provided that your temperaments coincide.

For example, a choleric person is incompatible with a sanguine person. These are two leaders.
Neither a choleric person nor a melancholic person can get along. One does not intentionally, but constantly offends, the other is offensive in itself.
Choleric and phlegmatic are the best option.
A sanguine person and a phlegmatic person will often quarrel, but at the same time they can resolve these conflicts. However, dissatisfaction with each other will increase.
A sanguine person will be suited to his opposite - a melancholic person. Moreover, it is ideal if the sanguine person is a man.

Interesting Facts

I would like to introduce you, dear friends, to some interesting facts about temperaments.

Happy married couples come from people with different temperaments.
For friendship, on the contrary, it is important that the temperaments are the same (except for choleric people).
Phlegmatic people are universal partners in any relationship, but not with phlegmatic people.
Sanguine people make excellent leaders. A choleric or phlegmatic person is completely unsuitable for such a role.
Job descriptions and other information should be presented in different forms for each temperament type.
The phlegmatic person is slow to respond to questions.
A sanguine person because of haste, and a choleric person because of impetuosity is prone to rash and incorrect answers.
You need to ask a melancholic person gently and kindly.
The specificity of people’s speech and the nature of information transfer depend on temperament. We can present the same picture from words of different types in completely different ways.

It is worth noting that in practice pure types of temperament are rarely found; mixed ones are more common. This makes it even more difficult to determine temperament and choose an approach to interacting with a person.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the compatibility of people in temperament, or at least understanding the characteristics of another person, is important for any area of relationships (family, professional, friendly). We often hear the phrase “We didn’t get along in character,” but in fact it would be more correct to say “We didn’t get along in temperament.” And this really can happen.

Disadvantages of melancholic people:

Emotional instability, indecisiveness, lack of self-confidence and strength;
Difficulty with the perception of the surrounding world, vulnerability, pessimism;
Tendency to depressive mental states;

Psychologists strongly recommend that melancholic people not close themselves off. Try to explore the world, travel, communicate with new people. You can try mentoring to improve your personal self-esteem. Engage in active sports, dancing, any creativity. A melancholic person needs to be close to loved ones and friends, and not withdraw into himself and his feelings.

Read more: How to determine a person’s temperament by his behavior

Take a temperament and extroversion/introversion test

Source of pictures-tables: psi-school.ru

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Melancholic - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

Quite a complex psychotype with unstable reactions.

Positive sides:

Gullible
Creative personalities
Prone to compassion
Friendly
They know how to listen
Loyal to your soulmate
Good friends

Negative sides:

Prone to depression
Pessimistic
Prone to criticism
They don’t know how to communicate with people and don’t want to
Avoid noisy companies

Recommended professions:

System Administrator
Programmer
Librarian
Editor

Melancholic - positive and negative qualities, suitable professions and activities

Unpreparedness for a serious relationship

Noisy, cheerful, easy-going, erudite sanguine people naturally attract the attention of the opposite sex. But they themselves are in no hurry to build a long-term relationship with a partner, reorient themselves to family life, solving life’s difficulties and raising children.

No diapers or socks scattered around the apartment! Only flirting, candlelit dinners, kisses under the moon and parties, parties...

In a marriage with a sanguine person, you will deal with bills, homework and laundry yourself. This is partly offset by its bottomless source of fun.

Just remember Bill Clinton. The image of the president playing the saxophone during moments of alien invasion and other similar apocalyptic processes was actively used in American cinema. But he is also sanguine...

Interests

Phlegmatic people are people of order and discipline. Therefore, even while having fun, they often learn something. Apparently, their analytical mind needs constant food for thought.

Representatives of this temperament prefer to spend time not in vain, but usefully.

For example, if you go to the Youtube channel of a phlegmatic person, in the subscriptions you will find educational or documentary videos rather than empty or dubious content.

With their characteristic stability, phlegmatic people adhere to a certain range of interests . As a rule, there are not very many of them, but they invest energy, intelligence and feeling into each one.

This is, perhaps, the main thing that can be told about this wonderful type of temperament.

There are no good and bad temperaments in nature, just as there are no ugly flowers. The main thing is to be able to use what you have.

Sometimes a phlegmatic person gives the impression of a slow, distant and cool person. But upon closer acquaintance, you understand that he most likely has a warm heart.

He knows how to conserve his mental strength and spends it wisely. A phlegmatic person is not wasted on trifles, but the energy he has accumulated will come in handy at the right time.

And often behind external dispassion lies a rich inner world. In favorable conditions, a phlegmatic person is able to extract “precious things from insignificant things.”

In general, it seems that people of this type are initially filled with quiet happiness. Apparently, an essential role is played by innate calmness and the ability to successfully collaborate with the material that is at hand.

Northern peoples are somewhat phlegmatic. And among the Scandinavians, the concept of “lagom ” is popular, which means balance and moderation.

Phlegmatic people can be characterized by the words: awareness, simplicity, calmness, harmony.

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Now let's talk about the phlegmatic temperament.

Perhaps this is the only type that can be associated with minimalism.

There is a joke. A phlegmatic person says: “I’m walking down the street, I hear someone fighting with someone. Then he turned around. It turned out that they were fighting with me!”

The main features of a phlegmatic person: equanimity; calmness, evenness in relationships; high efficiency; persistence, sometimes stubbornness; silence; reliability; some passivity; politeness and restraint; thrift; conscientiousness; unpretentiousness.

Phlegmatic people are more likely to be classified as introverts - uncommunicative and reserved people. They communicate mainly “on business”.

They spend mental and physical energy sparingly and are quite static. A certain phlegmatic character was characteristic of Ilya Oblomov, the hero of I. Goncharov.

Such individuals often have a practical and technical mindset. Reason, logic and slowness prevail over feeling.

In general, phlegmatic people are clear and simple, laconic and not prone to mystery. However, it is precisely these qualities that can interest and attract: they have their own mystery and charm.

There is something aristocratic about such personalities: apparently, due to natural restraint and slight detachment.

Since people with a predominant phlegmatic temperament are not prone to excesses, in a sense they can be called minimalists.

These are the areas in which this manifests itself.

Relationship Compatibility

We have already found out that phlegmatic people easily get along with representatives of all types of temperament. However, with some of them the love union turns out to be more successful than with others.

With a phlegmatic person

It is with a representative of his temperament that a phlegmatic person is able to build an ideal relationship. In such a couple, both are calm, patient and understand each other perfectly.

They are reliable, loyal and conservative. Family comes first for them, and they are ready to turn a blind eye to each other’s shortcomings in order to save the marriage. However, sometimes conflicts may arise due to the stubbornness of both, but, as a rule, they do not reach the acute phase.

With a melancholic person

Such a union is quite possible, although the compatibility of these temperaments is considered average. Both partners are introverts, which means their lifestyles and habits are similar. They prefer solitude to noisy companies; they like to sit at home and spend time doing quiet activities.

The main differences concern emotionality. If a phlegmatic person is cold-blooded, calm and rational, then a melancholic person is sensitive, vulnerable and anxious. This discrepancy can lead to conflicts over time. The melancholic person will suffer from a lack of expressions of love from the partner, and the phlegmatic person will be irritated by the pessimism and emotionality of the melancholic person.

With a sanguine person

A phlegmatic person and a sanguine person do not get along well together. At first, the first may be attracted by the activity and energy of the second, but soon he will begin to be irritated by the frivolity and inconsistency inherent in the sanguine person.

And over time, the sanguine person will begin to tire of the conservatism and tediousness of the phlegmatic person. He will want to escape from the captivity of rules and strict routines to where life is in full swing.

With a choleric person

Such a union is considered strong and harmonious, despite strong differences in character. Phlegmatic and choleric, like yin and yang, complement each other. A prudent phlegmatic person carefully weighs every step, unlike a determined choleric person who always cuts from the shoulder. Together they manage to reach a golden mean.

An explosive choleric person next to a phlegmatic person becomes calmer and more restrained, and the latter “comes to life” next to a more energetic partner.

Appearance

People of a given temperament have different body types. But, since this type of nervous system is not involved as intensely as in others, these people are less likely to “eat up” stress. This is probably why phlegmatic people are often slim.

They dress in accordance with their temperament: you will almost never see one of them in a “flashy” outfit, even at a holiday. discreet and neutral colors , and the style of clothing is laconic and classic .

You don’t often see accessories on phlegmatic people. Mostly these are watches or discreet jewelry. Bags are the optimal size, functional, suitable for any outfit.

The hairstyles of people of this type are not shocking: they are often classic haircuts that suit their appearance and lifestyle.

Neatness, neatness and comfort are the main features that a phlegmatic person exhibits, including in appearance.

Personal communication

The innate minimalism of phlegmatic people is manifested through the ability to focus on the main thing . Therefore, despite their natural diligence and accuracy, they are rarely petty and picky. They hardly react to stimuli.

Some people may seem like they don’t give a damn, but this is not entirely true: their thoughts are always working.

When communicating, such individuals say little and do not try to impress with eloquence. And, having considered the answer, they express their thoughts as simply, clearly and clearly as possible.

Phlegmatic people are often excellent listeners and analysts. They tend to process information for a long time. But in their remarks they reflect only the most necessary, accurate and important things . Such people do not talk in vain.

Sometimes they replace words with a nod or an expressive grimace. Rich facial expressions are not typical for them.

Their speech is most often slow, measured and always conscious. Almost every phrase has a meaning.

A phlegmatic person's circle of acquaintances is usually not large. But if you are lucky enough to become his friend, loyalty and reliability are guaranteed.

The quality of relationships is more important to him than quantity. As a rule, such people are not inclined to “collect” acquaintances or break off relationships without good reason.

The article “Psychology of the Color Blue” gives a living example of a person of a phlegmatic nature.

Flexibility of mind

A sanguine person will not get hung up on one thought. He easily flits from one idea to another: here he plans to go on a cruise, now he plans to paint his nails with red polish or eat a chocolate bar.

Giphy

At the same time, an analysis of the situation rushes through the sanguine person’s head like a whirlwind. He is able to see it from different sides, and very quickly. This useful quality helps to avoid many mistakes in life.

Cheerful disposition and carefree

Carlson, who lives on the roof, is another example of the dominance of sanguine temperament traits over other types. He arrived when he felt like it, destroyed the room, ate the whole cake and calmly flew away with a sense of accomplishment.

On the one hand, it's fun. This behavior is very relaxing and helps you take your mind off current problems and thoughts. But on the other hand, baby, stay to restore order and justify yourself to your elders. Sanguine has nothing to do with it. And in general there was no trace of him.

How to be friends with a choleric person

Difficult, but interesting. Dominance in itself is not a desired ability of choleric people. This “option” is inherent in them from birth. These are the ringleaders in yard games, hooligans, rebels. If you are ready to play the role of second violin in their orchestra, then you are opening up prospects for a bright pastime. But just by trying to achieve equality, you risk finding yourself in the midst of a lightning-throwing scandal.

In principle, it is difficult for choleric people to prove anything. A faint hope for this is possible only when certain points of view with the opponent coincide or are close.