Suggestive linguistics and the effects of suggestion in advertising

I recently learned the story of a couple's reunion. He and she weren't together for long, broke up and went their separate ways without being particularly upset about it. Each felt that the other “couldn’t give what was needed”©. Then they met by chance, word for word - they sat down to drink tea in a nearby cafe. We talked a little and went our separate ways.

And then something amazing happened. He became inflamed again and began to seek her attention. She was generally not against “continuing the banquet,” but did not understand how this was possible.

- How can this even be? - this lady asked me during the consultation. “We didn’t really talk about anything.”

- But you still talked about something.

- Well... about the fact that I understand what kind of person he is - kind, sympathetic, wise, albeit with his “cockroaches”, and what he really needs...

- Do you understand?

The lady thought about it.

- Not really at all. But then it seemed to me that yes.

It so happened that I know the TIMS (types of information metabolism) of both heroes of this story. And I know exactly what the lady did so magically to awaken feelings in her former chosen one - she “worked” with his suggestive function.

The suggestive function of socionics and all the others

Remember Model A? It is named after the founder of socionics - Aushra Augustinavichute. It is most convenient to compare it with an ice tray. Let's imagine that there are eight cells in total in the mold and all the cells are of different sizes. The largest of them is designed for 4 g, the smallest - for 1 g. That is, the largest cell holds the most water, and the small one, accordingly, holds less.

Now let’s imagine that water is all the information that exists in the surrounding world, and the cells are functions, and each of them has a different dimension. For example, if your basic function is logic, then a lot of “logical” information that describes processes, connections, relationships and probabilities will “fit” in your brain, and information that describes people, their interactions, their characteristics, their inner world , - few. For logicians, ethics is always a weak function - either one-dimensional (1-g cell) or two-dimensional (2-g).

Understanding your strengths and weaknesses means understanding what your most high-dimensional and low-dimensional “cells” (functions) are. This:

• basic (with which we look at the world);
• background (information that our psyche reads automatically in large quantities);
• painful (information that we practically do not notice);
• suggestive (weak, but valuable function, there is little information on it and you always want to get more).

It is this latter that is responsible for our deepest, most powerful and almost unconscious needs.

So what does the path to a happy relationship look like?

Model A

Socionics as a field of knowledge “begins” with the statement that each organism is a closed system of energy metabolism, that is, the reproduction of physical energy; its source is absorbed physical objects. “Energy is used for movement necessary in the pursuit of new sources of potential energy and procreation” [2, p. 152].

“Each psyche is also a closed system of energy metabolism - the production and use of mental or information energy. The source of psychic energy is absorbed information. Energy is used for orientation, adaptation to Reality” [2, p. 152].

Reality, from a mental point of view, consists of two parts:

• reality, cognizable from the outside;

• reality, cognizable from the inside.

From the outside we perceive external reality - the world around us and our own organism, which we also see as if from the outside. But there is also reality, cognizable from the inside. “This is not only the organism itself, but also the entire surrounding world received through it. Feeling his body from the inside, a person inevitably feels the entire world around him. This inner perception merges a person with the entire infinite material world. And therefore, through this internal “channel, a person receives information about the entire world around him, that is, about much more distant objects than he receives by cognizing Reality from the outside” [2, p. 153].

“For this reason, the human psyche is split into two parts” [2, p. 153]. One part reflects the outside world and its body from the outside, the other reflects the outside world from inside the body, as something continuous, fused together.

“The body itself, from a mental point of view, is something like a shell. One part of the psyche observes this shell from the outside, the second from the inside” [2, p. 153]. This duality “divides” psychic energy into two components: mental and vital. Therefore, model A of information metabolism is formed from two rings: mental and vital.

“The mental ring receives, processes and uses information about the outside world. This is comprehension of external reality, conscious adaptation to it” [2, p. 153]. “The vital ring receives, processes and uses information received from within the body [in which the whole world is reflected]. The vital ring is an echo of the outside world in your own body. This echo is also brought out, but is most often realized only by other people as an external reality. A person himself is usually not able to use it without proper training” [2, p. 154].

The mental ring solves its problems consciously - by collecting and transmitting information. The vital is capable of receiving irritating signals and directly responding to them. The mental part of the psyche, which freely discusses world problems, is no more independent than the vital part, which is constantly in need of external intervention. “When we talk about the activity of the mental ring, we talk only about its ability to think, reason, teach, but not act. It is included in active physical activity only after activation by the vital rings of duals or at least other people” [2, p. 165].

“The mental energy of the mental ring is intended to perceive information about the external world and about oneself as its component, to adapt to the world (SUPEREGO) and control it (EGO). This is a vision of the world from the outside, when the objectivity of incoming information is determined by the breadth of the individual’s horizon” [2, p73].

“The mental energy of the vital ring is intended to perceive information about the functional state of one’s own body and control it. It’s like seeing the world through the prism of one’s own organism... In the vital ring there is also spontaneous activity according to the program of others” [2, pp. 97-98].

The elements of model A differ in their functions. The first element of any block of the model “...reflects, photographs, reproduces reality and provides the psyche with objective information” [1, p.66]. “We will call this element accepting, that is, perceiving what is outside” [], p.66]. Acceptance elements are functions 1, 3, 5 and 7 of Model A. “The second element of each block is productive. Its output is what the individual extracts from the information received by the first element. An element can also be called creative, because in what it extracts from the information delivered by the first element, there is a particle of what is not and has not been in the objective world” [1, p. 66].

“The psyche is not divorced from the surrounding reality, and each element of information metabolism is associated with a certain element of energy metabolism. There are no thoughts outside the surrounding material physical reality, since psychic energy is not formed” [2, p. 154].

The source of psychic energy is information. The differences between TIMs begin with the elements (mental functions) that supply this energy. “Just as different types of animals feed on different foods, so different types of psyches feed on information about different elements of the surrounding world” [2, p. 154].

SUPERIDE

Block for displaying an objective picture of the state of the body; well-being; block of helplessness, dependence on external objects. In psychologically difficult situations, it is the last resort through which a person explains his behavior and looks for a way out of the impasse: - by work (5th function -), - by improving his well-being ().

When implementing aspects of SUPERID, an individual is afraid to oppose his interests to the interests of others. Therefore, there is a need for external adjustment for the 5th and 6th functions. On SUPERID, a feeling of “guilt of others” develops for a person’s failure in terms of suggestive and activation functions. The accepting 5th patiently endures very sharp criticism and even perceives it as concern. The productive 6th - “mimosa-like” - reacts painfully to criticism and comments because it only expects support.

SUPERID, with its weakness and helplessness, provokes the dual’s EGO functions into active activity. No one can cope with their own SUPERID on their own; The more a person is looked after in terms of aspects of this block, the higher his vitality and energy. In general, during cooperation in a dual couple, the initiative constantly changes hands; it is even difficult to figure out who is a follower in which case and who is a mentor. The success of cooperation between duals is that their models are formed from identical (in terms of aspects) blocks, but each block in one is potential, and in the other, kinetic.

Types of social communications

Social communications are very diverse and extensive, covering all spheres of human activity, including a wide range of types and subspecies.

The individual psychological and personal characteristics of the interlocutors, the assessment of situations, the choice of means of communication are different in each case, therefore the classification of types of communications is possible on different grounds and according to different criteria.

The real process of communication simultaneously includes many of its types, while the choice of means, channels, and style of communication depends on the personal characteristics of its subjects. It is traditional to distinguish 2 types of communication between people – role and personal. Although there is no single, universal classification system

, many researchers identify
4 main types of interpersonal communication: business, educational, diagnostic and intimate-personal. Intimate-personal interaction
is communication between close people who have known each other for a long time, which is carried out on the basis of trusting and deep contact.
In fact, what is important in classification is not the names and variety of species, but its criteria. Such criteria , for example, include:
· The presence or absence of communication rules - role prescriptions;

· The presence or absence of clear communication goals and their characteristics;

· Subject matter of communication;

· Equality of partners’ positions in communication;

· Contextual approach to the typology and situation of communication;

· Use of indirect tools and technical means of communication;

· Predominant communication channels;

· Means of influence on a person ( suggestive /suggestion; a person is given the correct instructions only in a positive form, the use of negative language constructions is not allowed (the correct wording is “smoking is indifferent”, but not “I don’t want to smoke anymore”)/),
intellectual, paralinguistics ( A branch of linguistics that studies sound means that accompany speech, but are not related to language: intonation, changes in melody, tempo, volume, timbre and other characteristics of speech).
The classification basis for all types of mass communications is their relationship to a specific communication channel

, through which the message is transmitted:
audio, video, audiovisual
, that is, through radio, television, print, in oral or written speech.

In a mass media system, broadcast information is distributed using technical means of one or another communication channel and forms the desired image of the communicator. Depending on the specifics of the selected communication channel

Various problems arise when
perceiving a communicator
-
a radio announcer (audio channel), the author of an article, column, note in the press (video channel), television announcer (audiovisual channel).
According to the use of communication means, social communication can be interpersonal, communication using mass media (media), institutional, Internet communication.

Interpersonal communication –

this is the communication of interlocutors, the process of communication and mutual understanding, face-to-face contact. This is the historically established first type of social communication, has a spontaneous and informal nature, depends only on the rules associated with social customs, and is determined by the framework of interpersonal contacts.
The process of communication between people, their communication, is
an exchange of symbols. Such communication is most often short-term and spontaneous. Speech and language, which are the most expressive systems of communication, are not limited to systems of signs, but serve primarily as an expression of thought. Those entering into communication, communicating, share the space of communication with each other, become a community, have common views and thoughts.

Communication through mass media (media), such as television, is communication through an intermediary. Its most characteristic feature is its connection with civilization, from which it adopts its technical capabilities and rhythm of functioning.

Institutional communication is a social phenomenon, and society itself is a space of carefully regulated communication. Social institutions regulate communication between interlocutors, between groups, peoples, cities, organizations, within each organization, etc. Institutional communication characterizes the economic, social and political structure of a given society. It covers organized and recognized communities: professional, school, family, etc. This type of communication is not spontaneous, but arbitrary.

Internet communication represents a large number of sites and web resources of public organizations. Internet communication is characterized by the emergence of “virtual negotiations”, “virtual transactions”, Internet business, Internet trading, a culture of communication on forums, etc. The specific features of electronic communication - anonymity, physical lack of representation of communicants, freedom and openness - give rise to a number of negative phenomena. Today there are still no clear ideas about how much the personality of a person interacting in the virtual world can change. On the one hand, the constant use of Internet communications leads to a separation from reality, the emergence of “Internet addiction” - Internet dependence, and on the other hand, the Internet allows for the positive development of individual abilities and motivational sphere. From the point of view of personal development, Internet communications are characterized by:

· Autocommunication – information sent to another simultaneously becomes available to both the addressee and the addressee;

· Use of a conventional name (“nickname”), or complete anonymity, freedom of self-presentation, the opportunity to try on several of your incarnations, play “identity games”;

· Discussion - helps develop thinking, logic, the ability to build convincing evidence, resourcefulness, etc.

Depending on the means of influence, there are 2 types of social communication – persuasive and suggestive.

Persuasive communication is a type of communication in which, with the help of logical justification, agreement is established with the person receiving the information. In the case of persuasive communication, there is an appeal to logical arguments and additional information, interaction on equal terms with the interlocutor and the audience. Such communication is carried out using the techniques of argumentation, persistence, coalition, and appeal to authority.

The technique of argumentation includes argumentation itself - the presentation of facts and arguments; deployment of argumentation; method of positive answers and counter-argumentation - modification of the partner’s argumentation; separating his arguments; development of counter-argumentation.

The assertiveness technique involves a mixture of emotional force and confrontation with the audience, while the coalition technique involves using the support of one's group to persuade a partner. To increase the weight of one’s own arguments, an appeal to authority is also used - a reference to authority in order to convince the interlocutor or the audience.

Persuasive Communication

mainly occurs in situations of joint activity, when solving professional problems. It is important that the success of joint activities depends on a person’s ability to use persuasion techniques and take the right position in communication.

Suggestive communication is a targeted emotional impact on a person. The process of suggestive communication is directed one-sidedly and does not imply equality of positions of the communicators. This is an active, personalized impact on a person or group.

According to the degree of activity of the communicator, suggestion and infection are distinguished . Infection manifests itself through the transmission of a certain emotional state, repeatedly reinforced by reflection according to a chain reaction scheme. In a situation of infection, a large mass of people empathize with the general mental state (euphoria, confusion, panic, etc.), various means of influence are used - words, exclamations, rhythms, rituals. The degree of infection of the audience and the criticality of its perception of information are directly dependent on the level of development of the community, the general level of personality development and self-awareness of the individuals who make up the audience. The higher the level of development of society, the weaker the effect of the infection mechanism. Suggestion is verbal and not spontaneous.

Agreement with the communicator is achieved by simply accepting information based on a ready-made conclusion. The decisive condition for the effectiveness of suggestion is the authority of the suggestor - the person providing the suggestion. The effect of “trust” is manifested in trust both in the person himself (competent, reliable) and in the information itself.

Most often, suggestive communication is involved in the fields of propaganda, PR, and advertising. Suggestion acts as a means of forming in the audience a positive image of a product brand, a certain image of political figures and organizations.

Based on their involvement in spheres of life, 4 types of social communications can be distinguished : ritual, formal, business, and personal.

Ritual communications are communications that involve only maintaining contact with society in order to confirm one’s own inclusion in social relations as such. The interlocutor in this case is part of the ritual, its necessary attribute, a mask with predetermined properties corresponding to the purpose of the ritual.

The task of ritual communication does not include changing the opinions, judgments of the interlocutor, or his beliefs. On the contrary, ritual communication is characterized by the optionality of persuading the partner and the absence of his response to persuasion. The purpose of the ritual is to confirm one’s own self, one’s communication skills used in this ritual, one’s opinions and beliefs. The effectiveness of ritual communication depends on the level of mastery of its situation (for example, rituals of greeting, farewell), the ability to navigate it, and the degree of ritual competence in communication.

When observing group rituals, the actions of the participants are already predetermined, automated, and there are no alternative actions.

The root cause of the desire to reduce the situation to a ritual one is a person’s dissatisfaction with his own social position and lack of involvement in significant relationships.

Greater involvement of a person in ritual communication is a sign of psychological distress. At the same time, the complete exclusion of a person from the situation of ritual communication indicates the social isolation of the individual from society.

Formal communications are characterized by strict adherence by communicants to their assigned roles and rules of behavior. Formal communication presupposes the predominance of the form of communication over its content: great emphasis in the situation of interaction is placed on compliance with norms and rules to the detriment of the significance of the content of the communication itself. There is no personal involvement in the communication situation, topics important to the person are not touched upon, and the communication itself is largely automatic for its participants. The partners’ perception of each other is schematized; analysis of the motives and reasons for the interlocutor’s behavior is extremely difficult. An essential quality of a partner is his strict adherence to the chosen professional, interpersonal, social role (“teacher”, “doctor”, “fun guy”, etc.). Knowledge of rules and regulations and the ability to adhere to formal restrictions are significant.

What is important in this context is the perception of the communication situation itself, its adequate analysis, the choice of behavioral strategies in a specific communication situation, their compliance with norms and rules (the ability to change communication styles depending on the situation of interaction with a boss, subordinate, etc.). Failure to fulfill role expectations by one of the communicants, going beyond the formal rules and norms lead to a breakdown in communication and generate surprise and anxiety in the partner.

Business communication is a process of interaction between business partners aimed at organizing and optimizing one or another type of subject activity: production, scientific, pedagogical. Expected result of business communication

– optimization of joint activities of partners. The main objectives are productive cooperation, the desire to achieve convergence of goals, and improve partnerships. In this kind of situation, the subject or reason that led to communication is important, without which a business conversation cannot take place at all.

Business communication presupposes the implementation of the following conditions

:

1.

Mandatory contacts of all participants in communication, regardless of their likes and dislikes;

2.

Subject-target content of communication;

3.

Compliance with formal role principles of interaction, taking into account job roles, rights and functional responsibilities, as well as the requirements of subordination and business etiquette;

4.

The interdependence of all participants in business communication both in achieving the final result and in realizing personal intentions;

5.

Communicative control of interaction participants;

6.

Formal restrictions that focus on targeted, regulated actions using adequate communication means to achieve a pragmatically expected result.

Business communication is implemented in 3 main communicative forms:

· Monologue , where communicative actions (statements) of the individual predominate as a subject - organizer of the listening process among other subjects - participants in communication (presentation situation, lecture);

· Dialogical , when subjects interact and are mutually active (business conversation);

· Polylogical , organizing multilateral communication, often in the nature of a struggle to master the communicative initiative and associated with the desire for the most effective implementation of the latter (business meeting).

Thus, business communication is characterized by the status and role positions of its participants, a number of restrictions on direct interpersonal relationships, which, in turn, are regulated by certain norms.

Personal communications are situations of personal communication

– confessional, intimate, and the information communicated cannot be ambiguous, inconsistent, or unclear.

This type of communication is different from others in many ways. At its core, this is a purely psychological, truly interpersonal interaction that satisfies basic human needs (according to A. Maslow’s concept of basic needs) for communication, sympathy, and empathy.

Personal communication

is characterized by a special relationship between what is experienced and what is realized –
the congruence of partners . The term “congruence”
(K. Rogers) means consistency, correspondence and is used to express absolute sincerity, integrity, and a person’s desire to be who he is.

In a communication situation, wrote K. Rogers, congruent

the interlocutor necessarily expresses his feelings and sensations as such, and not as facts attributed to another person or the outside world.
The degree of congruence
cannot be assessed independently by the individual; it is determined by the opinion of the partner, taking into account his point of view.

Formulating the general law of interpersonal relations, K. Rogers proceeded from the fact that:

· Their adequacy, mutual understanding, mutual satisfaction with the relationship depends on the degree of agreement between the partners;

· Mismatch between partners produces mutual misunderstanding, deterioration of psychological compatibility, and dissatisfaction with relationships.

Successful personal communication

is built on empathy, sympathy, and active listening to others.

According to their content, social communications are divided into destructive, neutral and supportive.

Destructive communications have a destructive impact both on the communication process itself and on its participants. Destructive communications

There are 2 types:
manipulative and aggressive. In a situation of manipulative communication, the partner is treated as a means of achieving goals external to him. Manipulation is a type of psychological influence used to achieve a one-sided gain.
Manipulation splits the recipient’s personality, leading to a state of neuroticism and susceptibility to external influence. Manipulative communication is characterized by:

1. Multi-vector influence - several problems are solved at once: the interlocutor’s attention is diverted, his criticality decreases, he is isolated from other people - all this for the sake of increasing the importance of the manipulator;

2. Psychological pressure on the partner: the initiative is intercepted, his activity is stopped, the time for making a decision is reduced, etc.;

3. Intrusion into the mental sphere of the addressee. By exploiting the partner’s various interests and needs, his fears, the manipulator can influence him for a long time, simultaneously destroying his motivational-need, emotional-volitional spheres;

4. Exploitation of the partner’s personal qualities.

In the process of manipulation, it is important to note that manipulation occurs both with the partner and with oneself, that is, it has a destructive effect on all participants in communication.

The main thing in manipulation is the idea of ​​the partner as an active or passive recipient of information.
The ability to use manipulative techniques and strategies based on information received about the interlocutor becomes of great importance. Researchers of manipulation tactics usually consider 2 main goals of manipulation:
1. Encouraging another to act;

2. Stopping the action of another.

There are 6 known manipulative communication tactics:

· Belief (“I’m asking you to do this because...”);

· Retreat, regression (“I will cry until you do this...”);

· Coercion (“I demand...”);

· Charm (“You can do this so well, magically...”);

· Humiliation (“I will remain on my knees until you do this...”);

· Silence (until the interlocutor makes a concession).

To motivate the interlocutor to action, tactics of charm are most often used, and to stop an unwanted action of the addressee, tactics of silence and coercion are used.

Aggressive communication is communication during which attacks are made on an opponent. In a narrow sense, aggressive communication is considered as a speech act that replaces an aggressive physical action: insult (for example, rude language), ridicule, threat, hostile remark, malice, categorical demand in violation of generally accepted etiquette. In a broad sense, these are all types of offensive, dominant communication.

Aggressive communication through the media differs significantly from verbal aggression in direct communication between opponents. Aggressive behavior in interpersonal communication serves as a means of stopping the will of another, and also emphasizes the status of the aggressor and acts as a tool of self-defense. Aggressive communication in the media is, first of all, offensive, active communication that attracts the attention of the audience. Aggressive remarks activate the audience, forcing everyone to mentally agree with one of the opponents. Thus, verbal aggression can be considered as a fairly effective, although not always correct, method of communication.

Aggressive communication strategies on the Internet include flames, flooding and spam. Flame

is defined as a verbal aggressive reaction caused by the message of the interlocutor, violating the principles of constructive discussion.
Flooding is
the computer analogue of barbarism, belittling the self-esteem of communicators.
Spam
is called “junk mail”, unnecessary electronic messages sent by individual companies on the Internet to addresses known to them.

Aggressive communications can be expressed in the form of belittling communication (infringement of the partner’s rights), during which attacks on the partner take place, and in the form of defensive-aggressive communication (aggressive communication caused by another partner). The response can be considered a consequence of aggressive communication. Any aggression by nature

– a sign of weakness, a form of protection.

Neutral communications are defined as communications without aggressive attacks on a partner - conflict generators, but also not satisfying the basic sociogenic needs of a person (needs for recognition, acceptance, love). In the course of neutral communication, a compromise is made, agreements are reached on controversial issues, the interlocutors refrain from teaching and edifying each other, and categorical judgments, without stopping the implementation of sociogenic needs and without developing them.

Neutral communication can be conventional, ritual and formalized.

Conventional communication is standardized and impersonal. Rights and responsibilities remain independent of their bearers. This communication proceeds in accordance with established rules, traditions, within strictly defined restrictions. These restrictions are:

· Actually conventional – compliance with legal, social norms, adherence to regulations (actions according to instructions, rules, etc.);

· Situational – restrictions depending on the communication situation (conversation, meeting, presentation, negotiations, etc.);

· Emotional, associated with the ability to manage one’s own emotional sphere in a communication situation, regardless of the degree of tension in the atmosphere;

· Violent, manifested in the interruption of contact by either party in cases where the content of the information loses its substantive character, or when the time allotted for communication has been exhausted, or when the partner’s reactions are inadequate to expectations and norms (for example, aggressive behavior).

Supportive communications, unlike neutral ones, not only do not infringe on the basic psychological rights and freedoms of their participants, but even enrich their inner world. Unlike neutral communication, supportive communication involves satisfying a person’s needs for communication, understanding, sympathy, and empathy. Her goals are directly related to her partner, flexible, and easily changeable. The expected result is a joint change in the partners’ views (depending on the depth of communication).

A person’s participation in supportive communication contributes to his mental health, integrity, balance, and stability.

Supportive communication can be informal, empathic, dyadic, intimate and personal.

Empathic communication is an intersubjective interaction in which both partners understand, accept, and support each other. This type of communication is characterized by trust between partners, which is a significant factor determining the effectiveness of their communication. Empathy is a sympathetic understanding of the inner world of another, “as if it were your own, but without losing that “as if”.”

In dyadic communication, the basis of interaction between partners is subject-subject relationships, empathy, compassion, and active listening to the other. In the process of dyadic communication, the individual’s defensive reactions are weakened, barriers to communication disappear, and a desire to communicate sincerely arises. Partners can influence each other, as a result of which changes occur in the personalities of the interlocutors towards greater integrity, less conflict and more vital energy, behavior becomes more mature.

Intimate and personal communication is unique and specific. It is possible only in a situation of equality of partners, their interest in establishing and maintaining trusting and deep contact. Most often, such communication occurs between close people and is largely the result of previous relationships. In intimate-personal communication, it is usually difficult to formulate any rational goal underlying it. The value is represented by the contact itself and the emotional experiences associated with it - empathy for another, a feeling of one’s similarity and closeness with him, etc.

Based on the results obtained, social communications are divided into constructive and destructive.

Constructive communications are communications built on the principles of partnership equality, emphasizing the importance of the other’s personality. These are positive communications that are effective in their content, including understanding the partner’s condition, emphasizing his importance, showing respect and interest in his personality, problems, and a non-judgmental response to his actions.

Destructive communications are communications in the process of which the rights of a partner are infringed, belittling his dignity, attacks on him, and aggressive attacks. All this is observed in manipulative, aggressive, suggestive communication. In situations of destructive communication, the inequality of positions held, differences, and dissimilarity of partners are emphasized. This can manifest itself in discrimination against a partner and neglect of his problems.

Examples of destructive communication include
harassment and sexism.
Harassment (oppression) is interference in the private life of another, ridicule, humiliation, discrediting the interlocutor, undermining his self-esteem. Example: violation of someone else's communication space, when a person comes close and listens to the content of the conversation or interrupts a private conversation by introducing his own topic (interference with privacy). In a business communication situation, this is, for example, an insistence on the part of a boss that a subordinate participate in a conversation not related to work, when the subordinate’s right to be alone is violated. Humiliation, ridicule in the presence of third parties, conversation on topics that force one to constantly ask again about the meaning of what was said, create situations that undermine the subordinate’s self-esteem (Lost of self-esteem), causing his mental disorder.

Sexism is the deliberate destruction or humiliation of another’s feelings, competence, etc. – this is gender discrimination, manifestation of psychological violence, underestimation, suppression, threats, manipulation of the behavior of another. Sexism manifests itself in the suppression of gender roles, seduction, and sexual harassment.

Suggestible introverted intuition, also known as White Intuition (BI) or “intuition of time”

The intuition of time is suggestive in Zhukov and Napoleon, who do not feel timeliness at all and often do not understand that at that particular moment something is required of them.

Both respect accuracy and punctuality, so they often listen to advice regarding the timing and duration of actions. They believe in signs and various predictions and can make a mistake, especially if the adviser with intuition does not have much time.

They constantly feel the need to foresee the future and need help making plans, who will correctly tell them when to start and how long it will last.

Suggestible extroverted logic, also known as Black Logic (BL) or “business logic”

Business logic is suggestible in Dreiser and Dostoevsky.

People with this personality type love to collect useful advice. Both easily adopt standard technological techniques and do a good job where the methods and goals are clearly indicated and try not to invent anything new where everything already works.

Since business advice is taken uncritically, they may choose the wrong course of action, recipe, or get carried away by dubious enterprises. Choosing from equivalent options is not their strong point, so they need people who can clearly state the problem and indicate ways to solve it.

About the authors

Beskova Lyubov Anatolyevna.

Graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov. Candidate of Philosophy, professional teacher. Initiator of the publication of a series of books on socionics, compiler and editor. Author of two popular books on socionics, “The Path to a Man’s Heart and... Back” (“Astrel”, 2003) and “Lessons of Socionics, or The Most Important Thing That We Were Not Taught at School” (“Astrel”, 2003), co-written with E. A. Udalova. Head of the Center for Applied Socionics “Terra socionika”. (Website address: www.terra-socionika.ru. E-mail: [email protected] )

Udalova Elena Andreevna.

Graduate of the Physics Faculty of Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov. Since 1993 he has been working in socionics. Author of several books, articles and methods of teaching socionic diagnostics, the course of which has already been completed by more than 25 groups. Since 1998 - head of the school of applied socionics. Engaged in diagnostic training, consulting individual and corporate clients, developing educational and training programs. (Details on the website www.socion.ru)

Intertype relationships

Intertype relationships are relationships between representatives of sociotypes, determined by the location of socionic functions in Model A. There will be different types of relationships between people with different sociotypes, since each type perceives and processes information in its own way. There are several types of relationships between different types; they depend little on the aspirations and desires of people.

According to the theory of intertype relationships, there are 14 types of intertype relationships between representatives of 16 sociotypes: identical, dual, mirror, activation, related, semi-dual, business, mirage, repayment, superego, quasi-identical, conflict, order, revision.

All types of intertype relations, except for social order and revision, are symmetrical. The relationship between social order and revision is asymmetrical.

See More About TIM Interaction.

Table of intertype relationships