HUMAN QUALITIES - what are they? Good and bad, physical and moral

Psychologists call character a combination of personality traits that determine its behavior. You can make many lists of human character traits. If two people are given the task of characterizing a third person, their lists will differ from each other. People don't think about how character affects their successes or failures. But, considering the individual qualities that make up character, it is easy to understand how they affect the personality as a whole. A person’s character traits develop depending on the type of nervous activity, heredity, and upbringing environment. They are formed throughout life. The predominance of certain traits determines a person’s lifestyle.

List of qualities

Personality structure includes temperament, volitional qualities, abilities, character, emotions, social attitudes and motivation. And also separately the following qualities:

• Independence;
• Intellectual self-improvement;
• Communication skills;
• Kindness;
• Hard work;
• Honesty;
• Determination;
• Responsibility;
• Respect;
• Confidence;
• Discipline;
• Humanity;
• Mercy;
• Curiosity;
• Objectivity.

A person’s personal qualities consist of internal perception and external manifestations. External manifestation includes a list of indicators:

• innate or acquired artistry;
• attractive appearance and sense of style;
• oratory skills and clear pronunciation of speech;
• a competent and sophisticated approach to non-verbal communication.

The main qualities of a person (her inner world) can be classified according to a number of characteristics:

• a comprehensive assessment of the situation and the absence of conflicting perceptions of information;
• an inherent love for people;
• open-minded thinking;
• positive form of perception;
• wise judgment.

The level of these indicators determines the individual characteristics of the individual being studied.

The word as a means of information exchange

The real life of every person begins with a word. It is a good means for exchanging information. When the baby says something similar to a word for the first time, parents rejoice endlessly. After all, this means that a new member of society has appeared, who will have an interesting, rich life. With the help of words, people can communicate with each other. Also words play a big role in description. For example, adjectives that characterize a person help to learn in detail about the qualities of a person, the properties of his character and behavioral characteristics. Also, the word is a means of achieving goals, because if a person knows how to speak well, he will comprehend the minds of others. Thanks to this means of exchanging information, you can have the closest and most reverent relationships, and feel whether a good or evil person is nearby. You can understand the essence of your interlocutor, find out what is in his heart, with the help of words.

Structure of individual qualities

To more accurately determine the quality of a person’s personality, one should highlight its biological structure. It consists of 4 levels:

1. Temperament, which includes characteristics of genetic predisposition (nervous system).
2. The degree of unique mental processes that allows one to determine a person's personal qualities. The level of individual perception, imagination, manifestation of volitional signs, feelings and attention influences the achievement of results.
3. The experiences of people, characterized by knowledge, abilities, capabilities and habits.
4. Indicators of social orientation, including the subject’s attitude to the external environment. The development of personal qualities acts as a guiding and regulating factor of behavior - interests and views, beliefs and attitudes (state of consciousness based on previous experience, regulating the attitude and behavior of people), moral norms.

The above categories are closely related to the needs and character, abilities and egocentrism of people. The set of general indicators influences the creation of an individual personality shell.

Formation of human character

Character begins to form from the first days after birth. By the age of 4-5, the general structure of the personality is already visible, and by the age of 10, the character is already fully “complete.”

What factors will influence character traits:

1. genetic predisposition - there is an opinion that some traits are inherited from our parents;
2. society - parents and other significant adults (relatives, neighbors, teachers), friends, classmates;

3. life circumstances are situations that a child faces. For example, the financial situation of the family, events of various modalities also influence the future character. If the same child experiences the death of a loved one or, conversely, something bright and positive, these two factors will leave different imprints on his personality.

Initially, the baby looks at how his parents treat him. Further, it is with this attitude that he will go into the big world. That is, if he was loved , surrounded with warmth and care, talked about his value, then this is exactly how he will feel among others - significant, important, valuable. This is how he will treat people. And vice versa.

Traits of people that characterize their temperament

The innate qualities of a person shape him as a social being. Behavioral factors, type of activity and social circle are taken into account. The category is divided into 4 concepts: sanguine, melancholic, choleric and phlegmatic.

• A sanguine person is a strong and balanced person who easily adapts to a new environment and overcomes obstacles. Sociability, responsiveness, openness, cheerfulness and leadership are the main personality traits.
• A melancholic person is a weak and sedentary person. Under the influence of strong stimuli, behavioral disturbances occur, manifested by a passive attitude towards any activity. Isolation, pessimism, anxiety, tendency to reason and resentment are characteristic features of melancholic people.
• Cholerics are strong, unbalanced, energetic personality traits. They are quick-tempered and unrestrained. Touchiness, impulsiveness, emotionality and instability are clear indicators of a restless temperament.
• A phlegmatic person is a balanced, inert and slow person, not prone to change. Personal indicators show how to easily overcome negative factors. Reliability, goodwill, peacefulness and prudence are the hallmarks of calm people.

List of personality traits

Human nature is a complex combination of unique traits that forms a unique system . This order includes the most striking, stable personal qualities, revealed in gradations of human-society relationships:

In addition to the character traits included by psychologists in the gradation of relationships (as a separate category), manifestations of nature in the moral, temperamental, cognitive and sthenic spheres were highlighted:

• moral: humanity, toughness, sincerity, good nature, patriotism, impartiality, responsiveness;
• temperamental: passion, sensuality, romance, liveliness, receptivity; passion, frivolity;
• intellectual (cognitive): analytical, flexible, inquisitive, resourceful, efficient, critical, thoughtful;
• sthenic (volitional): categoricalness, persistence, obstinacy, stubbornness, determination, timidity, courage, independence.

Many leading psychologists are inclined to believe that some personality traits should be divided into two categories:

1. Productive (motivational). Such traits push a person to perform certain actions and actions. These are goal-traits.
2. Instrumental. Giving personality during any activity individuality and method (manner) of action. These are methods-traits.

Gradation of character traits according to Allport

Allport's theory
The famous American psychologist Gordon Allport, an expert and developer of gradations of an individual's personal characteristics, divided personality traits into three classes:

Dominant . Such traits most clearly reveal the behavioral form: actions, activities of a certain person. These include: kindness, selfishness, greed, secrecy, gentleness, modesty, greed.

Ordinary . They manifest themselves equally in all numerous areas of human life. These are: humanity, honesty, generosity, arrogance, altruism, egocentrism, cordiality, openness.

Minor . These nuances do not have a particular impact on behavioral reactions. These are not dominant behaviors. These include musicality, poetry, diligence, and diligence.

A strong relationship is formed between a person’s existing personality traits. This pattern forms the final character of the individual.

But any existing structure has its own hierarchy. The human warehouse was no exception. This nuance is traced in Allport's proposed gradation structure, where minor traits can be suppressed by dominant ones. But in order to predict an individual’s actions, it is necessary to focus on the entire set of personality traits .

Individual character traits

Character is a set of individual traits that manifest themselves in different types of activity, communication and relationships with people. The development of personal qualities is formed against the background of life processes and the type of activity of people. To more accurately assess the character of people, behavioral factors in specific circumstances should be studied in detail.

Types of character:

• cycloid – mood swings;
• hyperthymic accentuation consists of high activity and failure to complete tasks;
• asthenic – capricious and depressive personal qualities;
• sensitive – timid personality;
• hysterical - the makings of leadership and vanity;
• dysthymic – focused on the negative side of current events.

Manifestation of character and temperament

A person’s character is not formed instantly, but until old age. The social environment is of great importance. For example, the volitional qualities inherent in a person manifest themselves in emergency situations when endurance, courage, stubbornness, etc. are required.

Emotionality is mental manifestations that arise in certain situations. In this case, feelings can be negative or positive, dynamic or stable, neutral. If we talk about intelligence, then this includes the individual characteristics and quality of thinking of an individual. For example, criticality, stupidity, breadth of soul, flexibility in any relationship, etc.

The character of people greatly influences their perception of the environment. Some consider everyone good or bad, others only themselves. Each person has a certain attitude:

• to oneself (self-esteem, self-criticism, self-respect, etc.);
• labor (punctuality, accuracy, negligence, etc.);
• environment (politeness, isolation, sociability, rudeness, etc.).

As a result, a certain temperament is formed. It includes qualities that are constant for a particular person:

1. Sanguine people are very mobile and efficient, but they quickly get tired of hard work. They have bright facial expressions and strong expressions of emotions. They are sociable, responsive, balanced. They look at everything from a positive point of view and are optimistic. They have a cheerful disposition.

2. Cholerics are characterized by sudden mood swings, hysteria, and impetuosity. They have frequent outbursts of anger, short temper, but quick release.

3. Melancholic people are pessimists, they worry excessively about any reason, and are often in an anxious state. Such people are very distrustful of others, vulnerable, reserved, and have good self-control.

4. Phlegmatic people have very low activity. However, they are very reasonable, cold-blooded and prudent. Any task is always completed.

Separately, it is worth noting that each nationality has its own character traits, although there are many common features. The greatest diversity is among the Russians.

Their character is very different from other nationalities.

Main criteria:

a) Spiritual generosity, which most nationalities do not have. b) Compassion.

c) Craving for justice.

d) Patience, endurance, perseverance.

e) Negative qualities include pessimism, foul language, laziness, hypocrisy. The positive ones are responsiveness, loyalty, compassion, humanity.

Russians are easily distinguished by a combination of character traits, one of which is a special sense of humor, which other nationalities are not always able to understand. The set of qualities is so diverse that most people experience excessive expression of emotions. Some traits may change throughout life. However, other qualities remain unchanged. However, negative traits are not always regarded as negative. Sometimes they emphasize dignity.

For example:

1. Selfishness is not only ignoring other people, but also putting one's own interests first. Such a person has his own opinion and will not follow the lead of others.

2. Self-confidence can improve productivity and performance. Then the person feels self-satisfied, which ultimately brings positive results for society.

3. Envy sometimes pushes a person to work better and achieve the best result.

4. Stubbornness helps you achieve any goals you set.

The character of any person consists of positive and negative qualities. As a result, a certain type is formed. For example, a person can be lazy, but kind and sympathetic. The other is angry, but very hardworking and aspiring. At the same time, women are always more emotional, selfless, good-natured, and patient. Men are most often reserved, decisive, and responsible.

Individual abilities of people

Individual psychological qualities of a person contribute to the achievement of success and excellence in a certain activity. They are determined by the social and historical practice of the individual, the results of the interactions of biological and mental indicators.

There are different levels of ability:

1. giftedness;
2. talent;
3. genius.

The development of the algorithm of personal qualities and abilities of people is characterized by the ability to learn new things in the mental sphere. Special features are manifested in a specific type of activity (musical, artistic, pedagogical, etc.).

Definition and general characteristics of the concept

Character is a set of stable traits that determine a person’s behavior, his lifestyle, habits, and reactions to various situations. Character is not an innate component of the psyche, but is formed throughout life. The basis for the formation of character is biological characteristics: gender, type of temperament, set of genes. Refracted through the prism of education and individual development, they form a unique psychological picture.

The word “character” translated from Greek means “imprint, seal.” This is what distinguishes a person from other people, makes him unique and inimitable. It is impossible to meet two people with absolutely identical characters.

Character plays a decisive role in our lives. Everything we do, what we think, what emotions we experience is determined by our character. This is a kind of set of patterns fixed in the psyche that are designed to simplify our existence. Imagine: faced with the same situation every time, we would have to re-evaluate it, build a behavior strategy, and analyze the consequences. Character allows you to optimize this process.

Knowing a person's character well, you can almost accurately predict his behavior.

Strong-willed traits of people

Adjusting behavioral factors associated with overcoming internal and external discomfort makes it possible to determine personal qualities: the level of effort and plans for taking actions, concentration in a given direction. Will manifests itself in the following properties:

• willpower - the level of effort to achieve the desired result;
• perseverance – the ability to mobilize to overcome troubles;
• endurance - the ability to limit feelings, thinking and actions.

Courage, self-control, commitment are the personal qualities of strong-willed people. They are classified into simple and complex acts. In a simple case, incentives to action flow into execution automatically. Complex acts are carried out on the basis of motivation, drawing up a plan and taking into account the consequences.

What is character accentuation

Accentuation is an extreme degree of expression of some specific character traits. A person with accentuation of character is mentally healthy, but on the very border of the norm.

Under unfavorable conditions, accentuation can develop into a mental disorder, leading to alcoholism, drug addiction, deviant behavior and suicide.

Accentuations are most common among teenagers. According to statistics, 95% of boys and girls aged 14–17 years have sharpened, hypertrophied character traits. With age, this figure decreases to 60%.

Accentuations cause personality disharmony, complicate socialization and general adaptation, and reduce productivity in all areas of life. The formation of accentuation is influenced by both hereditary factors and upbringing.

Adjectives that can describe a person's face

The face plays a very important role in a person's life. After all, this is the first thing that others pay attention to. Naturally, a beautiful person should be like that inside and not boast about his appearance. An internally beautiful personality will leave an indelible impression on those who have ever had contact with her.

By looking at the face, you can immediately determine whether a person is cheerful or not, what kind of mood he is in, and what kind of life he has lived. After all, a face is like the cover of a book.

When describing a person’s face, you can pay attention to its shape, color, location of the eyes and eyebrows, and so on. Everyone knows that face shape can be round, oval, square, triangular, diamond-shaped, trapezoidal and elongated. The color of a face can be dark, white, pink, tanned, red, freckled, and so on. There are also different types of faces: European, Mongolian and Caucasian.

What is an adjective and what function does it serve?

The most pleasant and picturesque part of speech is the adjective, because with its help you can describe your feelings, attitude towards a person, the personality of others and compliments. Russian parts of speech (adjective, noun, verb and others) help to display the environment using words, and even with your eyes closed you can understand what is being said and orient yourself in space. Adjectives add precision, specificity, and imagery to the main ideas in a sentence. This part of speech denotes the attribute of an object. Such words most often act as a definition or a nominal part of the predicate in a sentence. If we refer to the adjective, the author describes the person’s appearance, as well as his psychological portrait, for example, his habits, way of life, and so on. Adjectives that characterize a person add accuracy, consistency and vividness to the description of his personality. The main function of an adjective is to designate a characteristic. Adjectives can be qualitative, relative and possessive. The question of how to describe a person can only be resolved with the help of adjectives.

What adjectives can describe people's limbs?

Legs and arms have always played a vital role in human life. Everyone lives and doesn’t think about the fact that we have them. But if some tragedy happens and a person is left without them, he begins to appreciate what he has lost.

A fat person may have plump limbs. Slender - thin. Legs, for example, can be long or short, slender or low. But if we talk about the shape of the hand, then you can find out something interesting for yourself. For example, the hand can be elementary, square, spatulate, philosophical, artistic, idealistic and mixed. Thin fingers on the hands of an adult indicate the activity that he performs. Very often these are violinists or surgeons.

What words can you use to express your opinion about a person’s communication skills?

Communication is one of the processes of interaction between people. In the process of communication, relationships between people are formed. This process involves the exchange of thoughts, feelings and experiences. Communicativeness is determined by activity in communication; such a person is most often confident in himself and will always be the center of attention.

A kind person can be sociable very easily. He will always find something to talk about with others and how to keep the conversation going. Most often, such people easily make contact and make new friends. But an angry person is mostly withdrawn, closed and intractable.

Describing a human figure using adjectives

Adjectives that describe a person can also help describe their figure. The formation of a person’s figure does not depend on his gender, but on the ratio of height, skeletal structure and deposition of subcutaneous fat.

If we talk about a person’s height, he can be short, medium, high and very tall. But the body type can be thin, average, plump, corpulent, plump, well-fed, stocky, stooped, hunched, athletic, slender, thin and skinny. A person can also be broad-shouldered, broad-shouldered or narrow-shouldered, and sloping shoulders are also possible. For example, a fat person may even have narrow shoulders.

What adjectives can express emotions?

Emotions are what accompanies people every day. This special type of mental processes or human states manifests itself in the experience of significant situations, phenomena and events throughout life.

When listing the emotions characteristic of a person, one can get confused, since the list of such will be long. Among the main and positive ones, one can distinguish a person who is joyful, funny, reliable, grateful, caring, gentle, submissive, aspiring, reverent, satisfied and energetic.

Also, when describing the emotionality of people, we can highlight those emotions that prevent a person and those around him from living. This is a person who is touchy, whiny, indignant, arrogant, proud, envious, crafty, impatient, always suffering and fearful.