Hormones - how do they affect well-being and mood?

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Aggressive behavior is often defined as disregard for and violation of social norms. Or, in other words, aggression is a style of behavior aimed at causing psychological or physical harm to another person. Sometimes overly zealous defense of one’s own opinion or desire for independence is mistaken for aggression. Unfortunately, in modern society, everyday manifestations of aggression, including in very dangerous forms, are happening more and more often. Therefore, the treatment of aggression is a very pressing problem today, requiring a competent medical and psychological approach.

TREATMENT OF AGGRESSION IS AVAILABLE AT BRANCHES:

Treatment of aggression (aggressive behavior) in the Primorsky region

Address: St. Petersburg , Primorsky district, st. Repisheva, 13

Treatment of aggression (aggressive behavior) in the Petrograd region

Address: St. Petersburg , Petrogradsky district, st. Lenina, 5

Treatment of aggression (aggressive behavior) in the Krasnogvardeysky district

Address: St. Petersburg , Krasnogvardeisky district, Novocherkassky pr., 33 building 3

Treatment of aggression (aggressive behavior) in Vsevolozhsk

Address: Vsevolozhsk , Oktyabrsky Prospekt, 96 A

How do medications affect testosterone and sexual function?

Medicines taken for various diseases can negatively affect the level of testosterone in the blood. Therefore, self-administration of medications is unacceptable; only a doctor can prescribe treatment for you, taking into account possible adverse effects on sexual function.

What kind of medicines are these:

1. used for high blood pressure:

• methyldopa
• clonidine
• reserpine
• β-blockers (atenolol, anaprilin)
• prazosin

2. diuretics:

• veroshpiron
• hypotazid
• chlorthalidone

3. affecting the heart:

• digoxin
• verapamil
• antiarrhythmic drugs

4. affecting the central nervous system:

• antidepressants
• sleeping pills
• amphetamines

5. affecting the gastrointestinal tract:

• cerucal
• ranitidine

Types of aggression

Treatment of aggression begins with determining the type of disorder. The following forms are distinguished:

• verbal (speech). Its goal is to cause mental harm to the victim: insult, humiliate, etc.;
• physical. Involves causing bodily harm to a person;
• active. The aggressor himself becomes the initiator of the negative situation;
• passive. A person suppresses his anger and shows aggressiveness in the form of refusal to perform certain actions;
• straight. The damage is done directly to the victim. This applies to both mental and physical effects;
• indirect. In this case, the damage is caused not to the victim, but to her loved ones or her property.

Aggression: Symptoms and Signs

The occurrence of aggression is most often provoked by stress. A destructive mental state is characteristic of healthy people with an unstable nervous system (epileptoids). Persons suffering from alcohol dependence and drug addiction are susceptible to it. Aggression also accompanies psychopathic states.

There are two forms of behavioral destruction:

• heteroaggression (directed towards the outside world);
• auto-aggression (directed towards oneself).

Compromise and consensus are not for heteroaggressors. They resolve conflicts through murder, rape, beatings, threats, and insults. Dangerous manifestations in these individuals are most often associated with chronic diseases: paranoid schizophrenia, psychomotor agitation, hallucinations, manic psychosis.

You can undergo treatment for suicidal behavior in a specialized institution, but it is better to stop the disease in the early stages. Relatives should be concerned when a loved one begins to express a tendency to cuts, scratching the skin with nails, pulling out hair, cigarette burns, or a love of extreme sports. Self-aggression is especially difficult to identify. As a rule, such people are very secretive. They suffer from low self-esteem, have absolutely no self-confidence and are especially impressionable. Acting against his own nature and instinct of self-preservation, a person “cries out for help.” This call must be heard in time.

To receive a consultation with a psychiatrist and/or undergo treatment for aggression at Dr. Isaev’s Clinic means to benefit from medical services of a high professional level. In therapy, we rely on detailed results of complex diagnostics, which fully guarantee the effectiveness of treatment.

Causes of aggression

Treatment of aggressive behavior involves identifying and, if possible, eliminating the reasons that provoked such actions. They are divided into the following categories:

1. social. In this case, instigators and observers play the main role. The former directly provoke a person to cause harm to another individual. The latter, with their silent participation, can motivate the aggressor to act if he believes that in this way he will receive the approval of observers;
2. external environment. Oddly enough, many people require treatment for attacks of aggression precisely for these reasons. Heat, stuffiness, crowded conditions, noise, unpleasant smell, cigarette smoke, etc. can become triggers for aggressive behavior. A person becomes overly irritable, his physical condition worsens, he feels threatened by others, and it is difficult for him to concentrate. As a result, all of these external factors can lead to behavior that requires treatment for temper tantrums;
3. innate inclination and personal qualities. In many cases, when a patient needs treatment for anger, the causes of hostile behavior are his personal qualities and individual psychological characteristics: fear of not receiving public approval, irritability, increased feelings of shame, excessive hostility.

Psychologists about jealousy

From the point of view of a psychologist, jealousy is one of the phenomena of the human psyche, which in many situations is a normal reaction to the emerging conditions of a lack of attention from a significant person. That is, it is assumed that in any normal healthy person this feeling is possible. Jealousy is a negatively colored experience and therefore causes suffering. Like any negative emotion (envy, humiliation, guilt, desire for revenge, etc.), jealousy has a “useful meaning”, allowing our psyche to better adapt to external stress factors. According to psychologists, the so-called unconscious jealousy is especially insidious and “toxic”. Unconscious jealousy is manifested by aggressive or codependent behavior with loved ones, self-aggression. At the same time, the person himself does not understand that he is jealous and is trying in this way to regain attention, recognition or love.

Treatment of aggression in children

Treatment of aggression in adolescents should not always be carried out with medication. After all, a certain amount of aggressiveness is simply necessary for every person, especially during the period of personality formation. In childhood and adolescence, an individual fights for his status in the family, school, in the yard or garden. Thanks to controlled aggression, the child learns new things, adapts socially and achieves his goals.

The main reason for aggressive actions on the part of a child under 4 years old is the negative example of parents who allow themselves such behavior at the everyday level. In addition, indifference on the part of parents, a domineering attitude towards the child or hostility towards the child are risk factors. In this case, most likely, treatment for aggression and irritability is necessary for adults.

The aggravation of aggression in adolescence occurs against the background of puberty, when hormones rage in the body, and their unstable levels negatively affect physical well-being and emotional state. During this period, a person is characterized by suggestibility, irritability, emotional rudeness and stinginess, low self-esteem, complexes, primitive values, narrow-mindedness, etc.

However, as a rule, in such cases, drug treatment for outbursts of aggression is not required - it is enough to provide qualified psychological assistance and teach parents how to react correctly to difficult situations.

How does testosterone deficiency manifest?

The effects of testosterone on the body are described above, respectively, deficiency can manifest itself in various symptoms, the most common are:

• depression
• decrease in concentration
• fatigue
• decreased muscle mass and strength
• decreased sexual desire
• erectile dysfunction - problems with developing and maintaining an erection
• infertility caused by a decrease in sperm count
• osteoporosis (cause of brittle bones)
• tides
• reduction in size and soft consistency of the testicles
• anemia (low red blood cell count)
• reduction in prostate size

Features of aggression in different sexes

Treatment of aggression in women is required only in some cases. After all, by her psychological nature, a woman is more emotional, sensual and has a greater capacity for empathy than a man. This is the reason for periodic outbursts of anger - this is how psychological relaxation occurs, stress relief, and getting rid of negative emotions. In addition, the hormonal changes that the female body experiences every month can have a significant impact.

However, if negative behavior persists for a long time, goes beyond accepted norms of behavior, or takes on socially dangerous traits, it is necessary to contact a specialist who will prescribe treatment for attacks of aggression in women.

As for men, for them aggression is a pattern of behavior “recorded” at the genetic level. After all, thanks to her, our ancestors achieved their goals, survived and continued their family line. However, there are a number of factors that may lead to the need to prescribe treatment for aggression in men:

• alcoholism;
• nicotine addiction;
• addiction;
• changes in hormonal levels (excess testosterone or, conversely, male menopause - andropause).

In such cases, qualified medical treatment of outbursts of anger in men is necessary, because without outside help such conditions do not go away, but on the contrary develop into more severe forms that are dangerous to human life and health.

Hormones and mental disorders

If you come to see a psychiatrist, and he says that you need to do research on hormones, do not rush to wonder, what do they have to do with it?

Why is it important to know about this?

In fact, there is not a single mental disorder that is not accompanied by hormonal disorders, there is not a single endocrine disease without mental disorders, and there is not a single psychotropic drug that does not affect hormones in one way or another.

We treat ourselves, but better under the supervision of a doctor

And patients themselves know that taking the hormone melatonin can improve sleep, promoting sleep, and drugs that affect the melatonin precursor, tryptophan, can relieve depression. By the way, a pineal gland cyst that produces melatonin can lead to psychosis resembling schizophrenia.

Athletes before competitions take the hormone DEHA to cope with stress (taking this hormone, according to some scientists, can prolong the life of an elderly person), if vasopressin is given to a teenager, they will become less aggressive, a child with autism will improve his memory against the background of the administration of oxytocin, however , the latter hormone makes women less irritable and conflict-ridden.

Hormones for the brain

There are hormones that, in addition to the adrenal glands, are also produced in the structures of the brain. These hormones, the same steroids, can both provoke the occurrence of a mental disorder and prevent its occurrence.

This dangerous prolactin

An important hormone for a psychiatrist is prolactin; too many drugs, especially old antipsychotics, increase its level, which indicates quite serious side effects, for example, increased levels of anxiety and tension, mastopathy and delayed menstruation in women and impotence in men, damage bone tissue, etc. Therefore, when treating with neuroleptics, it is necessary to regularly monitor the level of prolactin, especially its micro fraction. When taking antipsychotics, weight gain often occurs, there is a change in the level of one of the hormones, which promotes fat deposition and leads to inflammation, always increases with depression, and on the contrary, another hormone associated with weight loss can stop inflammation and reduce the severity of depression.

Stress hormone - cortisol

With stress, the level of the hormone cortisol always increases, even in the first hours after stress, and this increase can persist for several weeks. Cortisol, on the one hand, activates those cells of the body, for example, neutrophils, which help fight external infection or other harmful stimuli, but on the other hand, cortisol weakens the immune system, which contributes to the chronic course of a mental disorder.

Insulin in psychiatry

Insulin, a pancreatic hormone that controls carbohydrate metabolism in the body, used to be more popular in psychiatry than it is now. Insulin was used to treat schizophrenia and eating disorders, and was also prescribed for prolonged depression. Today, in the process of treating mental disorders, we can use insulin to control some of the side effects of old and new antipsychotics, in particular those affecting blood glucose levels and the formation of metabolic syndrome, which is also a side effect of psychotropic drugs.

Man and woman

It is known that sex hormones can both intensify psychosis and stop it, for example, a decrease in progesterone levels is one of the causes of postpartum psychosis, contraception using hormonal drugs also increases the likelihood of developing depression, however, a decrease in the thyroid hormone thyroxine can lead to severe depression. If you add female sex hormones - estrogens (preferably with a small dose of progesterone), this helps to interrupt the exacerbation of psychosis in schizophrenia; it is no coincidence that in women - schizophrenia occurs later than in men and proceeds more favorably. Many psychoses, especially those that occur periodically, are associated with fluctuations in a number of hormones, especially sex hormones, and delusions of jealousy in men are often caused by a decrease in the level of male sex hormones.

Cheap and easy

Initially, you can understand what is happening with hormones from a general blood test, but, of course, this is only approximate and needs clarification if something goes wrong.

Almost all hormones increase the number of red blood cells, with the exception of parathyroid hormone and insulin. Hormones responsible for the severity of stress (adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, etc.) increase the number of neutrophils and reduce lymphocytes. Consequently, by the ratio of these leukocytes, one can judge how much stress has negatively affected the human body and how long it will take to eliminate the consequences of such stress. A small number of platelets will tell us about decreased levels of melatonin or parathyroid hormone. A slight increase in almost all types of white blood cells, as well as red blood cells, can be associated with increased prolactin levels.

Hormones and anemia

Many mental disorders occur against the background of various anemias, which can be treated with small doses of the male hormone testosterone. You can try to overcome anemia with the help of small doses of thyroid hormones and adrenal DEG; by the way, the latter hormone will allow you to quickly cope with stress.

What do we have?

In our clinic, we look at a fairly wide range of those hormones (about 15) that can cause mental disorder, including psychosis. It is important to determine the concentration of a particular hormone in the blood, taking into account its dynamics during the day; for example, an idea of ​​the dynamics of melatonin (saliva analysis) helps to accurately determine the optimal time for taking certain psychotropic drugs or choose the time for light treatment for depression. It should be borne in mind that the level of some hormones fluctuates throughout the day (cortisol), while other DEHA levels remain constant. To understand hormonal therapy for mental disorders, it is necessary to have specialists on staff who essentially have the skills of both a psychiatrist and an endocrinologist. Such doctors have been working in our clinic for more than 10 years. Today we have learned to correct hormonal imbalances, which allows us to more effectively treat mental disorders.

Aggression in the elderly

In old age, degenerative changes occur not only in human physiology, but also in his psychological state. One of the symptoms of many aging diseases is aggression. In addition, this behavior is also due to a number of social factors:

• social degradation. When leaving work to retire or becoming infirm, a person ceases to feel his importance; on a subconscious level, the fear of being rejected, forgotten, and useless appears. In addition, without constant employment, memory is lost, mental acuity and clarity of thinking disappear;
• loneliness. The lack of proper attention from adult children and relatives has a negative impact;
• infectious diseases. Infection of brain cells can lead to noticeable changes in behavior patterns. In this case, treatment of senile aggression is carried out not only with psychotherapeutic methods, but also with medication.

Why is testosterone a male hormone?

Let's try to give several arguments to answer this question.

First of all, it plays a major role in the development of the genital organs and the formation of secondary sexual characteristics in men (thickening of the vocal cords, hair growth on the face and body).

Secondly, it takes part in the formation and maintenance of normal sexual function, more specifically: sexual desire, erection, sexual behavior and sperm formation.

Thirdly, thanks to it, protein production is stimulated, which is so necessary for the normal development of muscles and bones.

In addition to all this, it has been proven that testosterone is actively involved in the work of the central nervous system, hematopoietic and urinary systems, and cardiovascular systems. That is why he was nicknamed the king of all hormones. Unfortunately, with age, its level in the body decreases, starting around 30-35 years. As a result, by the age of 50-55 (sometimes earlier), the amount in the male body is only half of what it was in his youth. The decline occurs gradually, by about 1-2 percent per year. The level in old and mature age directly depends on genetic factors.

Drug treatment of aggression

Treatment of uncontrollable outbursts of anger with medications is highly effective only when the negative behavior is a symptom of concomitant diseases, such as infections. Only in acute stages can tranquilizers, antidepressants, and atypical antipsychotics be prescribed.

In most cases, help for aggression is provided without the use of potent drugs. Conversations and appointments with a psychiatrist are held, the purpose of which is to consolidate an adequate model of behavior and teach the patient to control anger.

What methods do doctors use to treat morbid jealousy?

Pathological jealousy is difficult to treat. Therapy is preceded by the doctor’s determination of the psychological, social and biological characteristics of each specific patient. The greatest successes in therapy can be achieved with the help of psychopharmacotherapy: specific neuroleptics, mood stabilizers, neurometabolic therapy, sedatives. Psychotherapy and physiotherapy are used in combination with medications. Isolation from the familiar environment (for example, hospitalization in a hospital) can have a positive effect on the prevalence of ideas of jealousy.

If you or your loved one exhibits the symptoms described above, please contact us. We provide psychological assistance and, if necessary, treatment of pathological jealousy.

Treatment of aggression in St. Petersburg

The medical clinic is one of the few in St. Petersburg that has everything necessary for the effective treatment of mental illness. At your service:

• comfortable hospital with experienced staff;
• all types of psychotherapy (psychoanalysis, hypnosis, gestalt therapy);
• modern types of diagnostics (neurophysiological analysis of conceptual functions, ultrasound of the brain and neck vessels, test psychodiagnostics, electroencephalogram);
• if necessary, we have the right to prescribe all types of psychotropic medications, which ensures effective treatment (not all private clinics have the appropriate license);
• the conditions of a comfortable multidisciplinary clinic allow for a comprehensive examination and treatment of concomitant diseases;
• there are 40 psychiatrists and psychotherapists on staff, but in difficult cases the best specialists in the country are involved in consultations;
• clinics in three districts of the city (Primorsky, Central and Krasnogvardeysky). In addition, our new center provides treatment for aggression in Vsevolozhsk.

What diseases can lead to testosterone deficiency?

In addition to physiological factors, acute and chronic diseases and medications can lead to hypogonadism, which ultimately increases the age-related decrease in testosterone levels.

Among diseases of internal organs, low testosterone levels can be caused by:

• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma
• cardiac ischemia
• arterial hypertension
• diabetes
• obesity
• cirrhosis of the liver
• chronic alcoholism

Medical center rules

1. absolute confidentiality. Unlike government agencies, we are not required to disclose information about our patients and their illnesses. Under no circumstances will third parties gain access to the patient's medical history without his consent;
2. no power. Treatment is carried out without the use of physical or other coercive methods of influence on the patient. Experienced staff and qualified doctors perform their work with utmost sensitivity and respect;
3. only modern treatment methods at the level of world standards and effective drugs.

Diagnosis of hormonal disorders

To determine the causes of the disease and select the correct therapy for hormonal disorders, Sanmedexpert endocrinologists refer patients for diagnostics. All research is carried out using foreign technologies using the most modern equipment. Therefore, patients quickly receive reliable test results. During diagnostic activities they do:

• blood test to determine the concentration of androgens. The most informative method that gives a clear picture of the state of the reproductive system;
• Ultrasound of the genital organs and adrenal glands helps determine the presence of changes in the structure of organs, neoplasms of a malignant or benign nature.

Cost of treating aggression:

Rage and norepinephrine

Norepinephrine is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The level of norepinephrine, like the level of adrenaline, increases in stressful situations that cause fear, anxiety and nervous tension. However, if adrenaline is considered to be a hormone of fear, then norepinephrine can be defined as a hormone of rage - it gives rise to feelings of anger and malice in a person: thanks to it we are able to feel rage. Norepinephrine promotes vasoconstriction, provokes an increase in pressure in the arteries - prepares the body for action to eliminate danger.

Adrenal hormones are very closely related to each other: in situations of potential danger, a specific substance, corticotropin, is released into the blood from the hypothalamus, which triggers the process of hormone synthesis (adrenaline is synthesized on the basis of norepinephrine).

Thus, adrenaline and norepinephrine can be safely called “survival hormones”, because without them humanity would not have survived for thousands of years. Adrenal hormones are a biological analogue of a shield for humans: they prepare a person to overcome danger, help to survive injuries and stressful events.

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